MAGxLR_1B (Magnetic field 1Hz)

Abstract: Access to the low rate (1Hz) magnetic data (level 1b product), together with geomagnetic model evaluations (level 2 products).

%load_ext watermark
%watermark -i -v -p viresclient,pandas,xarray,matplotlib

Python implementation: CPython
Python version       : 3.11.6
IPython version      : 8.18.0

viresclient: 0.12.0
pandas     : 2.1.3
xarray     : 2023.12.0
matplotlib : 3.8.2

from viresclient import SwarmRequest
import datetime as dt
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

request = SwarmRequest()

Product information

This is one of the main products from Swarm - the 1Hz measurements of the magnetic field vector (B_NEC) and total intensity (F). These are derived from the Vector Field Magnetometer (VFM) and Absolute Scalar Magnetomer (ASM).

Documentation:

• https://earth.esa.int/web/guest/missions/esa-eo-missions/swarm/data-handbook/level-1b-product-definitions#MAGX_LR_1B_Product

Measurements are available through VirES as part of collections with names containing MAGx_LR, for each Swarm spacecraft:

request.available_collections("MAG", details=False)

{'MAG': ['SW_OPER_MAGA_LR_1B',
  'SW_OPER_MAGB_LR_1B',
  'SW_OPER_MAGC_LR_1B',
  'SW_FAST_MAGA_LR_1B',
  'SW_FAST_MAGB_LR_1B',
  'SW_FAST_MAGC_LR_1B']}

The measurements can be used together with geomagnetic model evaluations as shall be shown below.

Check what “MAG” data variables are available

request.available_measurements("MAG")

['F',
 'dF_Sun',
 'dF_AOCS',
 'dF_other',
 'F_error',
 'B_VFM',
 'B_NEC',
 'dB_Sun',
 'dB_AOCS',
 'dB_other',
 'B_error',
 'q_NEC_CRF',
 'Att_error',
 'Flags_F',
 'Flags_B',
 'Flags_q',
 'Flags_Platform',
 'ASM_Freq_Dev']

Check the names of available models

request.available_models(details=False)

['IGRF',
 'LCS-1',
 'MF7',
 'CHAOS-Core',
 'CHAOS-Static',
 'CHAOS-MMA-Primary',
 'CHAOS-MMA-Secondary',
 'MCO_SHA_2C',
 'MCO_SHA_2D',
 'MLI_SHA_2C',
 'MLI_SHA_2D',
 'MLI_SHA_2E',
 'MMA_SHA_2C-Primary',
 'MMA_SHA_2C-Secondary',
 'MMA_SHA_2F-Primary',
 'MMA_SHA_2F-Secondary',
 'MIO_SHA_2C-Primary',
 'MIO_SHA_2C-Secondary',
 'MIO_SHA_2D-Primary',
 'MIO_SHA_2D-Secondary',
 'AMPS',
 'MCO_SHA_2X',
 'CHAOS',
 'CHAOS-MMA',
 'MMA_SHA_2C',
 'MMA_SHA_2F',
 'MIO_SHA_2C',
 'MIO_SHA_2D',
 'SwarmCI']

Fetch some MAG data and models

We can fetch the data and the model predictions (evaluated on demand) at the same time. We can also subsample the data - here we subsample it to 10-seconds by specifying the “PT10S” sampling_step.

request.set_collection("SW_OPER_MAGA_LR_1B")
request.set_products(
    measurements=["F", "B_NEC"],
    models=["CHAOS-Core", "MCO_SHA_2D"],
    sampling_step="PT10S"
)
data = request.get_between(
    # 2014-01-01 00:00:00
    start_time = dt.datetime(2014,1,1, 0),
    # 2014-01-01 01:00:00
    end_time = dt.datetime(2014,1,1, 1)
)

See a list of the source files

data.sources

['SW_OPER_MAGA_LR_1B_20140101T000000_20140101T235959_0602_MDR_MAG_LR',
 'SW_OPER_MCO_SHA_2D_20131126T000000_20180101T000000_0401',
 'SW_OPER_MCO_SHA_2X_19970101T000000_20240807T235959_0718']

Load as a pandas dataframe

Use expand=True to extract vectors (B_NEC…) as separate columns (…_N, …_E, …_C)

df = data.as_dataframe(expand=True)
df.head()

	F_CHAOS-Core	Latitude	Radius	F_MCO_SHA_2D	Longitude	F	Spacecraft	B_NEC_N	B_NEC_E	B_NEC_C	B_NEC_MCO_SHA_2D_N	B_NEC_MCO_SHA_2D_E	B_NEC_MCO_SHA_2D_C	B_NEC_CHAOS-Core_N	B_NEC_CHAOS-Core_E	B_NEC_CHAOS-Core_C
Timestamp
2014-01-01 00:00:00	22874.133948	-1.228937	6878309.29	22874.210752	-14.116675	22867.4381	A	20103.5295	-4126.0959	-10086.8832	20113.623744	-4127.463817	-10081.453262	20112.944066	-4126.931232	-10082.852943
2014-01-01 00:00:10	22820.867039	-1.862520	6878381.24	22820.940668	-14.131425	22814.4502	A	19815.0632	-4160.8621	-10514.3566	19825.161689	-4163.127409	-10508.409355	19824.453390	-4162.576127	-10509.804002
2014-01-01 00:00:20	22769.294251	-2.496089	6878452.12	22769.368411	-14.146156	22763.1399	A	19523.4409	-4195.1070	-10926.9487	19533.553819	-4197.528908	-10920.859129	19532.814808	-4196.959308	-10922.245142
2014-01-01 00:00:30	22719.159330	-3.129643	6878521.94	22719.237483	-14.160861	22713.2484	A	19229.2127	-4228.3665	-11324.7764	19239.343461	-4230.601678	-11318.720089	19238.572249	-4230.014182	-11320.093572
2014-01-01 00:00:40	22670.218653	-3.763183	6878590.68	22670.303932	-14.175535	22664.5952	A	18932.8424	-4260.6440	-11708.0879	18943.075099	-4262.280487	-11701.946471	18942.270857	-4261.675566	-11703.303377

… or as an xarray dataset:

ds = data.as_xarray()
ds

<xarray.Dataset>
Dimensions:           (Timestamp: 360, NEC: 3)
Coordinates:
  * Timestamp         (Timestamp) datetime64[ns] 2014-01-01 ... 2014-01-01T00...
  * NEC               (NEC) <U1 'N' 'E' 'C'
Data variables:
    Spacecraft        (Timestamp) object 'A' 'A' 'A' 'A' 'A' ... 'A' 'A' 'A' 'A'
    B_NEC_CHAOS-Core  (Timestamp, NEC) float64 2.011e+04 ... 3.557e+04
    F_CHAOS-Core      (Timestamp) float64 2.287e+04 2.282e+04 ... 4.02e+04
    Latitude          (Timestamp) float64 -1.229 -1.863 -2.496 ... 48.14 48.77
    Radius            (Timestamp) float64 6.878e+06 6.878e+06 ... 6.868e+06
    F_MCO_SHA_2D      (Timestamp) float64 2.287e+04 2.282e+04 ... 4.021e+04
    Longitude         (Timestamp) float64 -14.12 -14.13 -14.15 ... 153.6 153.6
    B_NEC             (Timestamp, NEC) float64 2.01e+04 -4.126e+03 ... 3.558e+04
    B_NEC_MCO_SHA_2D  (Timestamp, NEC) float64 2.011e+04 ... 3.557e+04
    F                 (Timestamp) float64 2.287e+04 2.281e+04 ... 4.021e+04
Attributes:
    Sources:         ['SW_OPER_MAGA_LR_1B_20140101T000000_20140101T235959_060...
    MagneticModels:  ["CHAOS-Core = 'CHAOS-Core'(max_degree=20,min_degree=1)"...
    AppliedFilters:  []

xarray.Dataset

• Dimensions:
  • Timestamp: 360
  • NEC: 3
• Coordinates: (2)
  • Timestamp
    (Timestamp)
    datetime64[ns]
    2014-01-01 ... 2014-01-01T00:59:50

    description :

    Time stamp

    array(['2014-01-01T00:00:00.000000000', '2014-01-01T00:00:10.000000000',
           '2014-01-01T00:00:20.000000000', ..., '2014-01-01T00:59:30.000000000',
           '2014-01-01T00:59:40.000000000', '2014-01-01T00:59:50.000000000'],
          dtype='datetime64[ns]')

  • NEC
    (NEC)
    <U1
    'N' 'E' 'C'

    units :

    description :

    NEC frame - North, East, Centre (down)

    array(['N', 'E', 'C'], dtype='<U1')

• Data variables: (10)
  • Spacecraft
    (Timestamp)
    object
    'A' 'A' 'A' 'A' ... 'A' 'A' 'A' 'A'

    units :

    -

    description :

    Spacecraft identifier (values: 'A', 'B', 'C' or '-' if not available).

    array(['A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A'], dtype=object)

  • B_NEC_CHAOS-Core
    (Timestamp, NEC)
    float64
    2.011e+04 -4.127e+03 ... 3.557e+04

    units :

    nT

    description :

    Magnetic field vector, NEC frame, calculated by the CHAOS-Core spherical harmonic model

    array([[ 20112.94406558,  -4126.9312318 , -10082.85294326],
           [ 19824.45338993,  -4162.57612748, -10509.80400213],
           [ 19532.81480791,  -4196.95930751, -10922.2451419 ],
           ...,
           [ 19127.35932218,  -1776.05334268,  34710.30386729],
           [ 18887.13286813,  -1793.41428378,  35144.7864498 ],
           [ 18642.87691133,  -1808.21435514,  35573.66570308]])

  • F_CHAOS-Core
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    2.287e+04 2.282e+04 ... 4.02e+04

    units :

    nT

    description :

    Magnetic field intensity, calculated by the CHAOS-Core spherical harmonic model

    array([22874.13394759, 22820.86703852, 22769.294251  , 22719.15933003,
           22670.21865325, 22622.24215045, 22575.01441146, 22528.33617063,
           22482.02497053, 22435.91521938, 22389.85962015, 22343.72840754,
           22297.41005848, 22250.81076405, 22203.85472814, 22156.48311191,
           22108.65411529, 22060.34203879, 22011.536702  , 21962.2426432 ,
           21912.47870579, 21862.27658025, 21811.68041935, 21760.74570786,
           21709.53889005, 21658.13572425, 21606.62125532, 21555.08846206,
           21503.63784567, 21452.37655325, 21401.41764712, 21350.87980556,
           21300.88620733, 21251.56453878, 21203.04641994, 21155.46658102,
           21108.96327216, 21063.67726087, 21019.75199239, 20977.33353312,
           20936.57006943, 20897.61220882, 20860.61281295, 20825.72712923,
           20793.11271806, 20762.9298434 , 20735.34141532, 20710.51332813,
           20688.61431351, 20669.81668461, 20654.2960534 , 20642.2316393 ,
           20633.8063232 , 20629.20687339, 20628.62404601, 20632.25212956,
           20640.28931898, 20652.93719791, 20670.40072437, 20692.8876094 ,
           20720.60811778, 20753.77425702, 20792.59931647, 20837.29709906,
           20888.08099426, 20945.1633002 , 21008.75398629, 21079.05984436,
           21156.28333858, 21240.62148273, 21332.26463884, 21431.39534024,
           21538.1873928 , 21652.80416225, 21775.39791339, 21906.1083593 ,
           22045.0619936 , 22192.37039712, 22348.13006146, 22512.42097014,
    ...
           29752.84671083, 29566.46413327, 29389.13417278, 29221.07947436,
           29062.50798329, 28913.61306975, 28774.57245267, 28645.54835151,
           28526.68714071, 28418.11898972, 28319.95813201, 28232.3016468 ,
           28155.2306935 , 28088.80923101, 28033.08455874, 27988.08692061,
           27953.82966889, 27930.30962585, 27917.50615658, 27915.38244233,
           27923.88471685, 27942.94339798, 27972.47228064, 28012.36993661,
           28062.51939107, 28122.78921486, 28193.03351041, 28273.09311073,
           28362.7958884 , 28461.95777888, 28570.38368743, 28687.86815942,
           28814.19651581, 28949.14593946, 29092.48600882, 29243.9805294 ,
           29403.38792274, 29570.46224781, 29744.95439796, 29926.61299584,
           30115.18501068, 30310.41635389, 30512.05287313, 30719.84065888,
           30933.52669488, 31152.85848024, 31377.58504995, 31607.45660203,
           31842.22451984, 32081.64099381, 32325.45977157, 32573.43478629,
           32825.32053975, 33080.87188728, 33339.8434358 , 33601.98941827,
           33867.0637341 , 34134.81944858, 34405.0086567 , 34677.38292477,
           34951.69289645, 35227.68896869, 35505.12062847, 35783.73745406,
           36063.28938933, 36343.5267482 , 36624.20100028, 36905.06463331,
           37185.87216882, 37466.38025562, 37746.3478911 , 38025.53681868,
           38303.7115487 , 38580.63959353, 38856.09167173, 39129.84162961,
           39401.66551377, 39671.3427385 , 39938.65467657, 40203.3853082 ])

  • Latitude
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    -1.229 -1.863 ... 48.14 48.77

    units :

    deg

    description :

    Position in ITRF - Latitude

    array([ -1.2289367,  -1.8625199,  -2.4960888,  -3.1296434,  -3.7631833,
            -4.3967085,  -5.0302189,  -5.6637142,  -6.2971943,  -6.930659 ,
            -7.5641082,  -8.1975418,  -8.8309595,  -9.4643613, -10.0977469,
           -10.7311163, -11.3644692, -11.9978055, -12.631125 , -13.2644277,
           -13.8977133, -14.5309817, -15.1642327, -15.7974662, -16.430682 ,
           -17.06388  , -17.6970599, -18.3302217, -18.9633651, -19.5964899,
           -20.2295961, -20.8626834, -21.4957516, -22.1288005, -22.76183  ,
           -23.3948398, -24.0278298, -24.6607997, -25.2937494, -25.9266786,
           -26.559587 , -27.1924745, -27.8253407, -28.4581855, -29.0910086,
           -29.7238097, -30.3565885, -30.9893447, -31.6220781, -32.2547882,
           -32.8874748, -33.5201375, -34.152776 , -34.7853898, -35.4179787,
           -36.050542 , -36.6830795, -37.3155906, -37.9480748, -38.5805317,
           -39.2129607, -39.8453613, -40.4777327, -41.1100745, -41.7423859,
           -42.3746662, -43.0069147, -43.6391306, -44.271313 , -44.903461 ,
           -45.5355738, -46.1676502, -46.7996893, -47.4316898, -48.0636507,
           -48.6955705, -49.327448 , -49.9592815, -50.5910697, -51.2228107,
           -51.8545029, -52.4861442, -53.1177327, -53.749266 , -54.3807418,
           -55.0121576, -55.6435105, -56.2747977, -56.9060159, -57.5371615,
           -58.168231 , -58.7992201, -59.4301244, -60.0609392, -60.6916592,
           -61.3222787, -61.9527915, -62.5831907, -63.2134689, -63.8436178,
    ...
           -14.0397277, -13.405721 , -12.7716952, -12.1376506, -11.5035875,
           -10.8695061, -10.2354067,  -9.6012896,  -8.9671549,  -8.3330029,
            -7.6988339,  -7.0646482,  -6.430446 ,  -5.7962275,  -5.1619929,
            -4.5277427,  -3.8934769,  -3.2591958,  -2.6248997,  -1.9905889,
            -1.3562636,  -0.7219241,  -0.0875706,   0.5467966,   1.1811773,
             1.8155712,   2.449978 ,   3.0843975,   3.7188294,   4.3532734,
             4.9877292,   5.6221967,   6.2566754,   6.8911652,   7.5256657,
             8.1601766,   8.7946977,   9.4292287,  10.0637692,  10.698319 ,
            11.3328778,  11.9674452,  12.6020211,  13.2366049,  13.8711966,
            14.5057956,  15.1404017,  15.7750147,  16.409634 ,  17.0442595,
            17.6788907,  18.3135273,  18.9481689,  19.5828152,  20.2174659,
            20.8521204,  21.4867785,  22.1214398,  22.7561039,  23.3907703,
            24.0254387,  24.6601086,  25.2947796,  25.9294512,  26.5641231,
            27.1987948,  27.8334657,  28.4681355,  29.1028036,  29.7374695,
            30.3721328,  31.0067928,  31.6414491,  32.276101 ,  32.9107481,
            33.5453896,  34.1800251,  34.8146539,  35.4492752,  36.0838885,
            36.7184931,  37.3530882,  37.9876731,  38.6222469,  39.256809 ,
            39.8913584,  40.5258944,  41.1604159,  41.794922 ,  42.4294118,
            43.0638842,  43.6983381,  44.3327725,  44.967186 ,  45.6015775,
            46.2359458,  46.8702893,  47.5046067,  48.1388964,  48.7731569])

  • Radius
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    6.878e+06 6.878e+06 ... 6.868e+06

    units :

    m

    description :

    Position in ITRF - Radius

    array([6878309.29, 6878381.24, 6878452.12, 6878521.94, 6878590.68,
           6878658.33, 6878724.9 , 6878790.38, 6878854.75, 6878918.03,
           6878980.19, 6879041.24, 6879101.17, 6879159.99, 6879217.68,
           6879274.25, 6879329.69, 6879384.  , 6879437.18, 6879489.24,
           6879540.16, 6879589.95, 6879638.61, 6879686.15, 6879732.55,
           6879777.83, 6879821.98, 6879865.01, 6879906.92, 6879947.71,
           6879987.39, 6880025.95, 6880063.41, 6880099.77, 6880135.02,
           6880169.19, 6880202.26, 6880234.25, 6880265.17, 6880295.01,
           6880323.79, 6880351.51, 6880378.18, 6880403.8 , 6880428.39,
           6880451.95, 6880474.49, 6880496.01, 6880516.54, 6880536.07,
           6880554.61, 6880572.17, 6880588.77, 6880604.42, 6880619.11,
           6880632.87, 6880645.7 , 6880657.62, 6880668.63, 6880678.75,
           6880687.98, 6880696.34, 6880703.84, 6880710.49, 6880716.31,
           6880721.3 , 6880725.48, 6880728.86, 6880731.45, 6880733.26,
           6880734.31, 6880734.62, 6880734.18, 6880733.02, 6880731.15,
           6880728.59, 6880725.33, 6880721.41, 6880716.83, 6880711.6 ,
           6880705.75, 6880699.27, 6880692.19, 6880684.53, 6880676.28,
           6880667.47, 6880658.1 , 6880648.2 , 6880637.78, 6880626.85,
           6880615.42, 6880603.5 , 6880591.11, 6880578.27, 6880564.98,
           6880551.26, 6880537.12, 6880522.57, 6880507.64, 6880492.32,
    ...
           6875648.24, 6875587.24, 6875525.58, 6875463.25, 6875400.26,
           6875336.61, 6875272.3 , 6875207.33, 6875141.72, 6875075.46,
           6875008.55, 6874941.01, 6874872.84, 6874804.04, 6874734.62,
           6874664.59, 6874593.94, 6874522.7 , 6874450.87, 6874378.44,
           6874305.45, 6874231.88, 6874157.75, 6874083.07, 6874007.86,
           6873932.11, 6873855.84, 6873779.06, 6873701.78, 6873624.02,
           6873545.77, 6873467.07, 6873387.91, 6873308.31, 6873228.28,
           6873147.84, 6873067.01, 6872985.78, 6872904.19, 6872822.24,
           6872739.96, 6872657.34, 6872574.42, 6872491.2 , 6872407.71,
           6872323.95, 6872239.95, 6872155.72, 6872071.28, 6871986.65,
           6871901.84, 6871816.87, 6871731.76, 6871646.52, 6871561.19,
           6871475.77, 6871390.28, 6871304.75, 6871219.2 , 6871133.64,
           6871048.09, 6870962.58, 6870877.13, 6870791.76, 6870706.48,
           6870621.33, 6870536.32, 6870451.47, 6870366.8 , 6870282.35,
           6870198.12, 6870114.14, 6870030.44, 6869947.03, 6869863.94,
           6869781.19, 6869698.8 , 6869616.79, 6869535.19, 6869454.02,
           6869373.31, 6869293.06, 6869213.31, 6869134.08, 6869055.39,
           6868977.26, 6868899.71, 6868822.77, 6868746.46, 6868670.8 ,
           6868595.81, 6868521.51, 6868447.93, 6868375.09, 6868303.01,
           6868231.7 , 6868161.2 , 6868091.52, 6868022.69, 6867954.72])

  • F_MCO_SHA_2D
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    2.287e+04 2.282e+04 ... 4.021e+04

    units :

    nT

    description :

    Magnetic field intensity, calculated by the MCO_SHA_2D spherical harmonic model

    array([22874.21075205, 22820.94066789, 22769.36841085, 22719.23748295,
           22670.30393208, 22622.33728497, 22575.1216721 , 22528.45733191,
           22482.16129663, 22436.06747275, 22390.02809349, 22343.91297821,
           22297.61026344, 22251.02589232, 22204.0839269 , 22156.72550162,
           22108.90890862, 22060.6086576 , 22011.81488682, 21962.53254948,
           21912.78098178, 21862.59242199, 21812.01159917, 21761.09457385,
           21709.90833518, 21658.52912538, 21607.04238346, 21555.54136693,
           21504.1267185 , 21452.90557337, 21401.99081836, 21351.50078951,
           21301.55816058, 21252.28996144, 21203.82702249, 21156.30317566,
           21109.8556942 , 21064.6243242 , 21020.75148189, 20978.382235  ,
           20937.66383921, 20898.74607449, 20861.78110974, 20826.92366076,
           20794.33093729, 20764.16304628, 20736.58293903, 20711.75674598,
           20689.85361835, 20671.04645359, 20655.51158748, 20643.42907235,
           20634.98269682, 20630.36017556, 20629.753213  , 20633.35701271,
           20641.37061932, 20653.99637331, 20671.43987502, 20693.90934841,
           20721.61543427, 20754.77037907, 20793.58758136, 20838.28083707,
           20889.06343175, 20946.14748615, 21009.7427447 , 21080.05575364,
           21157.28873697, 21241.63849703, 21333.29523268, 21432.44137619,
           21539.25070227, 21653.88661626, 21776.50148728, 21907.23518494,
           22046.21439318, 22193.55089414, 22349.34136579, 22513.66593577,
    ...
           29753.73091659, 29567.29804226, 29389.9168528 , 29221.81017666,
           29063.1861919 , 28914.23854624, 28775.14527466, 28646.06894317,
           28527.15629409, 28418.53787589, 28320.32830143, 28232.62501884,
           28155.50953518, 28089.04612576, 28033.28236599, 27988.24872771,
           27953.95873671, 27930.40933021, 27917.57992721, 27915.43370158,
           27923.91682029, 27942.95957868, 27972.4755993 , 28012.363239  ,
           28062.50527426, 28122.7700033 , 28193.01124249, 28273.06953625,
           28362.77247672, 28461.93573731, 28570.363989  , 28687.8515788 ,
           28814.18367187, 28949.13734283, 29092.48211252, 29243.98178071,
           29403.3948143 , 29570.47536632, 29744.97446865, 29926.64092145,
           30115.22190381, 30310.46356185, 30512.1119949 , 30719.91355404,
           30933.61548469, 31152.96554141, 31377.71300176, 31607.60828787,
           31842.40298406, 32081.84945514, 32325.70159398, 32573.71344854,
           32825.63960422, 33081.23496884, 33340.25417106, 33602.45143546,
           33867.5806233 , 34135.39473216, 34405.64575938, 34678.08514273,
           34952.46336482, 35228.53062678, 35506.03618229, 35784.72933591,
           36064.3597144 , 36344.67726856, 36625.43305721, 36906.37910904,
           37187.26943948, 37467.86014751, 37747.90964264, 38027.17905086,
           38305.43224681, 38582.43610307, 38857.96071137, 39131.77932332,
           39403.66744424, 39673.40402315, 39940.77006642, 40205.54930932])

  • Longitude
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    -14.12 -14.13 ... 153.6 153.6

    units :

    deg

    description :

    Position in ITRF - Longitude

    array([-14.1166747, -14.1314247, -14.1461558, -14.1608613, -14.1755346,
           -14.1901689, -14.2047575, -14.2192936, -14.2337703, -14.2481808,
           -14.2625181, -14.2767751, -14.2909448, -14.3050199, -14.3189931,
           -14.332857 , -14.3466041, -14.3602267, -14.3737172, -14.3870675,
           -14.4002696, -14.4133154, -14.4261964, -14.4389042, -14.4514298,
           -14.4637645, -14.4758991, -14.4878242, -14.4995301, -14.5110071,
           -14.5222451, -14.5332335, -14.5439618, -14.554419 , -14.5645937,
           -14.5744742, -14.5840486, -14.5933044, -14.6022288, -14.6108087,
           -14.6190302, -14.6268793, -14.6343412, -14.6414009, -14.6480425,
           -14.6542498, -14.6600059, -14.665293 , -14.6700929, -14.6743867,
           -14.6781545, -14.6813757, -14.6840288, -14.6860915, -14.6875404,
           -14.688351 , -14.688498 , -14.6879546, -14.686693 , -14.684684 ,
           -14.681897 , -14.6783   , -14.6738593, -14.6685397, -14.6623041,
           -14.6551134, -14.6469266, -14.6377006, -14.6273897, -14.6159459,
           -14.6033187, -14.5894542, -14.5742961, -14.5577842, -14.5398552,
           -14.5204417, -14.4994724, -14.4768712, -14.4525577, -14.4264459,
           -14.3984444, -14.3684556, -14.3363754, -14.3020925, -14.2654876,
           -14.2264331, -14.184792 , -14.1404171, -14.0931503, -14.042821 ,
           -13.9892452, -13.9322244, -13.8715436, -13.8069698, -13.7382502,
           -13.66511  , -13.5872495, -13.5043421, -13.4160302, -13.3219224,
    ...
           154.3456616, 154.3325292, 154.3192465, 154.3058218, 154.2922629,
           154.2785776, 154.2647737, 154.2508587, 154.23684  , 154.222725 ,
           154.2085209, 154.1942349, 154.1798741, 154.1654454, 154.1509559,
           154.1364123, 154.1218215, 154.1071902, 154.0925253, 154.0778333,
           154.063121 , 154.048395 , 154.033662 , 154.0189287, 154.0042015,
           153.9894873, 153.9747926, 153.9601241, 153.9454886, 153.9308927,
           153.9163432, 153.901847 , 153.8874109, 153.8730419, 153.8587469,
           153.8445331, 153.8304075, 153.8163774, 153.8024503, 153.7886334,
           153.7749344, 153.761361 , 153.7479209, 153.7346222, 153.7214728,
           153.7084812, 153.6956557, 153.6830049, 153.6705376, 153.6582629,
           153.6461898, 153.634328 , 153.622687 , 153.6112768, 153.6001076,
           153.5891898, 153.5785343, 153.5681521, 153.5580547, 153.5482538,
           153.5387615, 153.5295904, 153.5207534, 153.5122639, 153.5041357,
           153.4963831, 153.4890208, 153.4820644, 153.4755295, 153.4694328,
           153.4637914, 153.4586231, 153.4539464, 153.4497805, 153.4461454,
           153.4430621, 153.4405522, 153.4386384, 153.4373444, 153.436695 ,
           153.4367158, 153.437434 , 153.4388778, 153.4410768, 153.4440619,
           153.4478658, 153.4525225, 153.4580679, 153.4645396, 153.4719772,
           153.4804225, 153.4899193, 153.5005139, 153.5122552, 153.5251947,
           153.5393869, 153.5548895, 153.5717634, 153.5900734, 153.609888 ])

  • B_NEC
    (Timestamp, NEC)
    float64
    2.01e+04 -4.126e+03 ... 3.558e+04

    units :

    nT

    description :

    Magnetic field vector, NEC frame

    array([[ 20103.5295,  -4126.0959, -10086.8832],
           [ 19815.0632,  -4160.8621, -10514.3566],
           [ 19523.4409,  -4195.107 , -10926.9487],
           ...,
           [ 19122.2074,  -1772.444 ,  34719.2463],
           [ 18879.7744,  -1789.8416,  35155.0222],
           [ 18635.1195,  -1805.0668,  35583.9846]])

  • B_NEC_MCO_SHA_2D
    (Timestamp, NEC)
    float64
    2.011e+04 -4.127e+03 ... 3.557e+04

    units :

    nT

    description :

    Magnetic field vector, NEC frame, calculated by the MCO_SHA_2D spherical harmonic model

    array([[ 20113.62374362,  -4127.46381698, -10081.45326176],
           [ 19825.16168851,  -4163.12740925, -10508.4093547 ],
           [ 19533.55381858,  -4197.52890786, -10920.8591289 ],
           ...,
           [ 19129.93311715,  -1775.95399669,  34711.24649331],
           [ 18889.68961682,  -1793.32957379,  35145.82064369],
           [ 18645.41208689,  -1808.14114277,  35574.78642216]])

  • F
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    2.287e+04 2.281e+04 ... 4.021e+04

    units :

    nT

    description :

    Magnetic field intensity

    array([22867.4381, 22814.4502, 22763.1399, 22713.2484, 22664.5952,
           22616.9354, 22570.044 , 22523.6945, 22477.78  , 22431.8359,
           22386.06  , 22340.2104, 22294.1887, 22247.8766, 22201.212 ,
           22154.1475, 22106.6263, 22058.6341, 22010.1453, 21961.1602,
           21911.6803, 21861.7607, 21811.4298, 21760.7618, 21709.791 ,
           21658.614 , 21607.3223, 21556.0084, 21504.785 , 21453.7482,
           21403.0378, 21352.7627, 21303.0361, 21253.9916, 21205.7602,
           21158.463 , 21112.2495, 21067.2439, 21023.5808, 20981.4242,
           20940.9047, 20902.183 , 20865.4077, 20830.7432, 20798.3149,
           20768.3102, 20740.9046, 20716.2412, 20694.4943, 20675.8436,
           20660.4714, 20648.5588, 20640.3126, 20635.9068, 20635.5183,
           20639.3361, 20647.5609, 20660.3763, 20677.9837, 20700.5981,
           20728.4326, 20761.7109, 20800.6513, 20845.4873, 20896.4333,
           20953.6929, 21017.4946, 21088.0249, 21165.4799, 21250.0572,
           21341.9269, 21441.2815, 21548.2763, 21663.0706, 21785.8291,
           21916.6747, 22055.7499, 22203.1692, 22359.0577, 22523.4635,
           22696.4578, 22878.086 , 23068.375 , 23267.2717, 23474.8037,
           23690.9033, 23915.571 , 24148.7031, 24390.2226, 24640.0555,
           24898.0427, 25164.0601, 25438.0171, 25719.8357, 26009.3   ,
           26306.2915, 26610.5404, 26921.8723, 27239.9982, 27564.4635,
    ...
           34918.2185, 34614.2804, 34313.0991, 34014.9791, 33720.2623,
           33429.2177, 33142.1555, 32859.3553, 32581.1853, 32308.005 ,
           32040.1902, 31778.1617, 31522.4031, 31273.3339, 31031.3352,
           30796.7391, 30569.7484, 30350.5648, 30139.347 , 29936.3057,
           29741.6022, 29555.5015, 29378.1383, 29209.6823, 29050.3417,
           28900.3195, 28759.7347, 28628.8489, 28507.9203, 28397.2364,
           28297.0683, 28207.7405, 28129.5991, 28062.9419, 28007.9177,
           27964.5253, 27932.6153, 27911.8947, 27902.0403, 27902.731 ,
           27913.7138, 27934.8112, 27965.8675, 28006.8253, 28057.624 ,
           28118.2262, 28188.5718, 28268.5626, 28358.1167, 28457.1163,
           28565.3871, 28682.7194, 28808.8784, 28943.602 , 29086.7154,
           29238.0321, 29397.3294, 29564.3205, 29738.7638, 29920.4265,
           30109.0916, 30304.4727, 30506.3312, 30714.4179, 30928.4066,
           31148.0317, 31372.9725, 31603.003 , 31837.8212, 32077.2021,
           32320.9144, 32568.7458, 32820.4341, 33075.8284, 33334.7723,
           33597.0545, 33862.3692, 34130.4566, 34401.0478, 34673.8956,
           34948.6923, 35225.2047, 35503.1817, 35782.3345, 36062.451 ,
           36343.3004, 36624.6362, 36906.1402, 37187.5505, 37468.5668,
           37748.9639, 38028.488 , 38306.9618, 38584.1929, 38860.0051,
           39134.1299, 39406.3431, 39676.3839, 39943.8924, 40208.626 ])

• Indexes: (2)
  • Timestamp
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(DatetimeIndex(['2014-01-01 00:00:00', '2014-01-01 00:00:10',
                   '2014-01-01 00:00:20', '2014-01-01 00:00:30',
                   '2014-01-01 00:00:40', '2014-01-01 00:00:50',
                   '2014-01-01 00:01:00', '2014-01-01 00:01:10',
                   '2014-01-01 00:01:20', '2014-01-01 00:01:30',
                   ...
                   '2014-01-01 00:58:20', '2014-01-01 00:58:30',
                   '2014-01-01 00:58:40', '2014-01-01 00:58:50',
                   '2014-01-01 00:59:00', '2014-01-01 00:59:10',
                   '2014-01-01 00:59:20', '2014-01-01 00:59:30',
                   '2014-01-01 00:59:40', '2014-01-01 00:59:50'],
                  dtype='datetime64[ns]', name='Timestamp', length=360, freq=None))

  • NEC
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(Index(['N', 'E', 'C'], dtype='object', name='NEC'))

• Attributes: (3)

  Sources :

  ['SW_OPER_MAGA_LR_1B_20140101T000000_20140101T235959_0602_MDR_MAG_LR', 'SW_OPER_MCO_SHA_2D_20131126T000000_20180101T000000_0401', 'SW_OPER_MCO_SHA_2X_19970101T000000_20240807T235959_0718']

  MagneticModels :

  ["CHAOS-Core = 'CHAOS-Core'(max_degree=20,min_degree=1)", 'MCO_SHA_2D = MCO_SHA_2D(max_degree=20,min_degree=1)']

  AppliedFilters :

  []

Fetch the residuals directly

Adding residuals=True to .set_products() will instead directly evaluate and return all data-model residuals

request = SwarmRequest()
request.set_collection("SW_OPER_MAGA_LR_1B")
request.set_products(
    measurements=["F", "B_NEC"],
    models=["CHAOS-Core", "MCO_SHA_2D"],
    residuals=True,
    sampling_step="PT10S"
)
data = request.get_between(
    start_time = dt.datetime(2014,1,1, 0),
    end_time = dt.datetime(2014,1,1, 1)
)
df = data.as_dataframe(expand=True)
df.head()

	F_res_MCO_SHA_2D	Latitude	F_res_CHAOS-Core	Radius	Longitude	Spacecraft	B_NEC_res_MCO_SHA_2D_N	B_NEC_res_MCO_SHA_2D_E	B_NEC_res_MCO_SHA_2D_C	B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core_N	B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core_E	B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core_C
Timestamp
2014-01-01 00:00:00	-6.772652	-1.228937	-6.695848	6878309.29	-14.116675	A	-10.094244	1.367917	-5.429938	-9.414566	0.835332	-4.030257
2014-01-01 00:00:10	-6.490468	-1.862520	-6.416839	6878381.24	-14.131425	A	-10.098489	2.265309	-5.947245	-9.390190	1.714027	-4.552598
2014-01-01 00:00:20	-6.228511	-2.496089	-6.154351	6878452.12	-14.146156	A	-10.112919	2.421908	-6.089571	-9.373908	1.852308	-4.703558
2014-01-01 00:00:30	-5.989083	-3.129643	-5.910930	6878521.94	-14.160861	A	-10.130761	2.235178	-6.056311	-9.359549	1.647682	-4.682828
2014-01-01 00:00:40	-5.708732	-3.763183	-5.623453	6878590.68	-14.175535	A	-10.232699	1.636487	-6.141429	-9.428457	1.031566	-4.784523

Plot the scalar residuals

… using the pandas method:

ax = df.plot(
    y=["F_res_CHAOS-Core", "F_res_MCO_SHA_2D"],
    figsize=(15,5),
    grid=True
)
ax.set_xlabel("Timestamp")
ax.set_ylabel("[nT]");

… using matplotlib interface

NB: we are doing plt.plot(x, y) with x as df.index (the time-based index of df), and y as df[".."]

plt.figure(figsize=(15,5))
plt.plot(
    df.index,
    df["F_res_CHAOS-Core"],
    label="F_res_CHAOS-Core"
)
plt.plot(
    df.index,
    df["F_res_MCO_SHA_2D"],
    label="F_res_MCO_SHA_2D"
)
plt.xlabel("Timestamp")
plt.ylabel("[nT]")
plt.grid()
plt.legend();

… using matplotlib interface (Object Oriented style)

This is the recommended route for making more complicated figures

fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(15,5))
ax.plot(
    df.index,
    df["F_res_CHAOS-Core"],
    label="F_res_CHAOS-Core"
)
ax.plot(
    df.index,
    df["F_res_MCO_SHA_2D"],
    label="F_res_MCO_SHA_2D"
)
ax.set_xlabel("Timestamp")
ax.set_ylabel("[nT]")
ax.grid()
ax.legend();

Plot the vector components

fig, axes = plt.subplots(nrows=3, ncols=1, figsize=(15,10), sharex=True)
for component, ax in zip("NEC", axes):
    for model_name in ("CHAOS-Core", "MCO_SHA_2D"):
        ax.plot(
            df.index,
            df[f"B_NEC_res_{model_name}_{component}"],
            label=model_name
        )
    ax.set_ylabel(f"{component}\n[nT]")
    ax.legend()
axes[0].set_title("Residuals to models (NEC components)")
axes[2].set_xlabel("Timestamp");

Similar plotting, using the data via xarray instead

xarray provides a more sophisticated data structure that is more suitable for the complex vector data we are accessing, together with nice stuff like unit and other metadata support. Unfortunately due to the extra complexity, this can make it difficult to use right away.

ds = data.as_xarray()
ds

<xarray.Dataset>
Dimensions:               (Timestamp: 360, NEC: 3)
Coordinates:
  * Timestamp             (Timestamp) datetime64[ns] 2014-01-01 ... 2014-01-0...
  * NEC                   (NEC) <U1 'N' 'E' 'C'
Data variables:
    Spacecraft            (Timestamp) object 'A' 'A' 'A' 'A' ... 'A' 'A' 'A' 'A'
    F_res_MCO_SHA_2D      (Timestamp) float64 -6.773 -6.49 ... 3.122 3.077
    B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core  (Timestamp, NEC) float64 -9.415 0.8353 ... 3.148 10.32
    Latitude              (Timestamp) float64 -1.229 -1.863 ... 48.14 48.77
    F_res_CHAOS-Core      (Timestamp) float64 -6.696 -6.417 ... 5.238 5.241
    Radius                (Timestamp) float64 6.878e+06 6.878e+06 ... 6.868e+06
    Longitude             (Timestamp) float64 -14.12 -14.13 ... 153.6 153.6
    B_NEC_res_MCO_SHA_2D  (Timestamp, NEC) float64 -10.09 1.368 ... 3.074 9.198
Attributes:
    Sources:         ['SW_OPER_MAGA_LR_1B_20140101T000000_20140101T235959_060...
    MagneticModels:  ["CHAOS-Core = 'CHAOS-Core'(max_degree=20,min_degree=1)"...
    AppliedFilters:  []

xarray.Dataset

• Dimensions:
  • Timestamp: 360
  • NEC: 3
• Coordinates: (2)
  • Timestamp
    (Timestamp)
    datetime64[ns]
    2014-01-01 ... 2014-01-01T00:59:50

    description :

    Time stamp

    array(['2014-01-01T00:00:00.000000000', '2014-01-01T00:00:10.000000000',
           '2014-01-01T00:00:20.000000000', ..., '2014-01-01T00:59:30.000000000',
           '2014-01-01T00:59:40.000000000', '2014-01-01T00:59:50.000000000'],
          dtype='datetime64[ns]')

  • NEC
    (NEC)
    <U1
    'N' 'E' 'C'

    units :

    description :

    NEC frame - North, East, Centre (down)

    array(['N', 'E', 'C'], dtype='<U1')

• Data variables: (8)
  • Spacecraft
    (Timestamp)
    object
    'A' 'A' 'A' 'A' ... 'A' 'A' 'A' 'A'

    units :

    -

    description :

    Spacecraft identifier (values: 'A', 'B', 'C' or '-' if not available).

    array(['A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A'], dtype=object)

  • F_res_MCO_SHA_2D
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    -6.773 -6.49 -6.229 ... 3.122 3.077

    units :

    nT

    description :

    Magnetic field intensity residual, calculated as a difference of the measurement and value of the MCO_SHA_2D spherical harmonic model

    array([ -6.77265205,  -6.49046789,  -6.22851085,  -5.98908295,
            -5.70873208,  -5.40188497,  -5.0776721 ,  -4.76283191,
            -4.38129663,  -4.23157275,  -3.96809349,  -3.70257821,
            -3.42156344,  -3.14929232,  -2.8719269 ,  -2.57800162,
            -2.28260862,  -1.9745576 ,  -1.66958682,  -1.37234948,
            -1.10068178,  -0.83172199,  -0.58179917,  -0.33277385,
            -0.11733518,   0.08487462,   0.27991654,   0.46703307,
             0.6582815 ,   0.84262663,   1.04698164,   1.26191049,
             1.47793942,   1.70163856,   1.93317751,   2.15982434,
             2.3938058 ,   2.6195758 ,   2.82931811,   3.041965  ,
             3.24086079,   3.43692551,   3.62659026,   3.81953924,
             3.98396271,   4.14715372,   4.32166097,   4.48445402,
             4.64068165,   4.79714641,   4.95981252,   5.12972765,
             5.32990318,   5.54662444,   5.765087  ,   5.97908729,
             6.19028068,   6.37992669,   6.54382498,   6.68875159,
             6.81716573,   6.94052093,   7.06371864,   7.20646293,
             7.36986825,   7.54541385,   7.7518553 ,   7.96914636,
             8.19116303,   8.41870297,   8.63166732,   8.84012381,
             9.02559773,   9.18398374,   9.32761272,   9.43951506,
             9.53550682,   9.61830586,   9.71633421,   9.79756423,
    ...
           -12.12871659, -11.79654226, -11.7785528 , -12.12787666,
           -12.8444919 , -13.91904624, -15.41057466, -17.22004317,
           -19.23599409, -21.30147589, -23.26000143, -24.88451884,
           -25.91043518, -26.10422576, -25.36466599, -23.72342771,
           -21.34343671, -18.51463021, -15.53962721, -12.70270158,
           -10.20302029,  -8.14837868,  -6.6080993 ,  -5.537939  ,
            -4.88127426,  -4.5438033 ,  -4.43944249,  -4.50693625,
            -4.65577672,  -4.81943731,  -4.976889  ,  -5.1321788 ,
            -5.30527187,  -5.53534283,  -5.76671252,  -5.94968071,
            -6.0654143 ,  -6.15486632,  -6.21066865,  -6.21442145,
            -6.13030381,  -5.99086185,  -5.7807949 ,  -5.49565404,
            -5.20888469,  -4.93384141,  -4.74050176,  -4.60528787,
            -4.58178406,  -4.64735514,  -4.78719398,  -4.96764854,
            -5.20550422,  -5.40656884,  -5.48187106,  -5.39693546,
            -5.2114233 ,  -4.93813216,  -4.59795938,  -4.18954273,
            -3.77106482,  -3.32592678,  -2.85448229,  -2.39483591,
            -1.9087144 ,  -1.37686856,  -0.79685721,  -0.23890904,
             0.28106052,   0.70665249,   1.05425736,   1.30894914,
             1.52955319,   1.75679693,   2.04438863,   2.35057668,
             2.67565576,   2.97987685,   3.12233358,   3.07669068])

  • B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core
    (Timestamp, NEC)
    float64
    -9.415 0.8353 -4.03 ... 3.148 10.32

    units :

    nT

    description :

    Magnetic field vector residual, NEC frame, calculated as a difference of the measurement and value of the CHAOS-Core spherical harmonic model

    array([[-9.41456558,  0.8353318 , -4.03025674],
           [-9.39018993,  1.71402748, -4.55259787],
           [-9.37390791,  1.85230751, -4.7035581 ],
           ...,
           [-5.15192218,  3.60934268,  8.94243271],
           [-7.35846813,  3.57268378, 10.2357502 ],
           [-7.75741133,  3.14755514, 10.31889692]])

  • Latitude
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    -1.229 -1.863 ... 48.14 48.77

    units :

    deg

    description :

    Position in ITRF - Latitude

    array([ -1.2289367,  -1.8625199,  -2.4960888,  -3.1296434,  -3.7631833,
            -4.3967085,  -5.0302189,  -5.6637142,  -6.2971943,  -6.930659 ,
            -7.5641082,  -8.1975418,  -8.8309595,  -9.4643613, -10.0977469,
           -10.7311163, -11.3644692, -11.9978055, -12.631125 , -13.2644277,
           -13.8977133, -14.5309817, -15.1642327, -15.7974662, -16.430682 ,
           -17.06388  , -17.6970599, -18.3302217, -18.9633651, -19.5964899,
           -20.2295961, -20.8626834, -21.4957516, -22.1288005, -22.76183  ,
           -23.3948398, -24.0278298, -24.6607997, -25.2937494, -25.9266786,
           -26.559587 , -27.1924745, -27.8253407, -28.4581855, -29.0910086,
           -29.7238097, -30.3565885, -30.9893447, -31.6220781, -32.2547882,
           -32.8874748, -33.5201375, -34.152776 , -34.7853898, -35.4179787,
           -36.050542 , -36.6830795, -37.3155906, -37.9480748, -38.5805317,
           -39.2129607, -39.8453613, -40.4777327, -41.1100745, -41.7423859,
           -42.3746662, -43.0069147, -43.6391306, -44.271313 , -44.903461 ,
           -45.5355738, -46.1676502, -46.7996893, -47.4316898, -48.0636507,
           -48.6955705, -49.327448 , -49.9592815, -50.5910697, -51.2228107,
           -51.8545029, -52.4861442, -53.1177327, -53.749266 , -54.3807418,
           -55.0121576, -55.6435105, -56.2747977, -56.9060159, -57.5371615,
           -58.168231 , -58.7992201, -59.4301244, -60.0609392, -60.6916592,
           -61.3222787, -61.9527915, -62.5831907, -63.2134689, -63.8436178,
    ...
           -14.0397277, -13.405721 , -12.7716952, -12.1376506, -11.5035875,
           -10.8695061, -10.2354067,  -9.6012896,  -8.9671549,  -8.3330029,
            -7.6988339,  -7.0646482,  -6.430446 ,  -5.7962275,  -5.1619929,
            -4.5277427,  -3.8934769,  -3.2591958,  -2.6248997,  -1.9905889,
            -1.3562636,  -0.7219241,  -0.0875706,   0.5467966,   1.1811773,
             1.8155712,   2.449978 ,   3.0843975,   3.7188294,   4.3532734,
             4.9877292,   5.6221967,   6.2566754,   6.8911652,   7.5256657,
             8.1601766,   8.7946977,   9.4292287,  10.0637692,  10.698319 ,
            11.3328778,  11.9674452,  12.6020211,  13.2366049,  13.8711966,
            14.5057956,  15.1404017,  15.7750147,  16.409634 ,  17.0442595,
            17.6788907,  18.3135273,  18.9481689,  19.5828152,  20.2174659,
            20.8521204,  21.4867785,  22.1214398,  22.7561039,  23.3907703,
            24.0254387,  24.6601086,  25.2947796,  25.9294512,  26.5641231,
            27.1987948,  27.8334657,  28.4681355,  29.1028036,  29.7374695,
            30.3721328,  31.0067928,  31.6414491,  32.276101 ,  32.9107481,
            33.5453896,  34.1800251,  34.8146539,  35.4492752,  36.0838885,
            36.7184931,  37.3530882,  37.9876731,  38.6222469,  39.256809 ,
            39.8913584,  40.5258944,  41.1604159,  41.794922 ,  42.4294118,
            43.0638842,  43.6983381,  44.3327725,  44.967186 ,  45.6015775,
            46.2359458,  46.8702893,  47.5046067,  48.1388964,  48.7731569])

  • F_res_CHAOS-Core
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    -6.696 -6.417 ... 5.238 5.241

    units :

    nT

    description :

    Magnetic field intensity residual, calculated as a difference of the measurement and value of the CHAOS-Core spherical harmonic model

    array([-6.69584759e+00, -6.41683852e+00, -6.15435100e+00, -5.91093003e+00,
           -5.62345325e+00, -5.30675045e+00, -4.97041146e+00, -4.64167063e+00,
           -4.24497053e+00, -4.07931938e+00, -3.79962015e+00, -3.51800754e+00,
           -3.22135848e+00, -2.93416405e+00, -2.64272814e+00, -2.33561191e+00,
           -2.02781529e+00, -1.70793879e+00, -1.39140200e+00, -1.08244320e+00,
           -7.98405795e-01, -5.15880251e-01, -2.50619347e-01,  1.60921357e-02,
            2.52109949e-01,  4.78275746e-01,  7.01044681e-01,  9.19937940e-01,
            1.14715433e+00,  1.37164675e+00,  1.62015288e+00,  1.88289444e+00,
            2.14989267e+00,  2.42706122e+00,  2.71378006e+00,  2.99641898e+00,
            3.28622784e+00,  3.56663913e+00,  3.82880761e+00,  4.09066688e+00,
            4.33463057e+00,  4.57079118e+00,  4.79488705e+00,  5.01607077e+00,
            5.20218194e+00,  5.38035660e+00,  5.56318468e+00,  5.72787187e+00,
            5.87998649e+00,  6.02691539e+00,  6.17534660e+00,  6.32716070e+00,
            6.50627680e+00,  6.69992661e+00,  6.89425399e+00,  7.08397044e+00,
            7.27158102e+00,  7.43910209e+00,  7.58297563e+00,  7.71049060e+00,
            7.82448222e+00,  7.93664298e+00,  8.05198353e+00,  8.19020094e+00,
            8.35230574e+00,  8.52959980e+00,  8.74061371e+00,  8.96505564e+00,
            9.19656142e+00,  9.43571727e+00,  9.66226116e+00,  9.88615976e+00,
            1.00889072e+01,  1.02664377e+01,  1.04311866e+01,  1.05663407e+01,
            1.06879064e+01,  1.07988029e+01,  1.09276385e+01,  1.10425299e+01,
    ...
           -1.12445108e+01, -1.09626333e+01, -1.09958728e+01, -1.13971744e+01,
           -1.21662833e+01, -1.32935698e+01, -1.48377527e+01, -1.66994515e+01,
           -1.87668407e+01, -2.08825897e+01, -2.28898320e+01, -2.45611468e+01,
           -2.56315935e+01, -2.58673310e+01, -2.51668587e+01, -2.35616206e+01,
           -2.12143689e+01, -1.84149259e+01, -1.54658566e+01, -1.26514423e+01,
           -1.01709168e+01, -8.13219798e+00, -6.60478064e+00, -5.54463661e+00,
           -4.89539107e+00, -4.56301486e+00, -4.46171041e+00, -4.53051073e+00,
           -4.67918840e+00, -4.84147888e+00, -4.99658743e+00, -5.14875942e+00,
           -5.31811581e+00, -5.54393946e+00, -5.77060882e+00, -5.94842940e+00,
           -6.05852274e+00, -6.14174781e+00, -6.19059796e+00, -6.18649584e+00,
           -6.09341068e+00, -5.94365389e+00, -5.72167313e+00, -5.42275888e+00,
           -5.12009488e+00, -4.82678024e+00, -4.61254995e+00, -4.45360203e+00,
           -4.40331984e+00, -4.43889381e+00, -4.54537157e+00, -4.68898629e+00,
           -4.88643975e+00, -5.04348728e+00, -5.07113580e+00, -4.93491827e+00,
           -4.69453410e+00, -4.36284858e+00, -3.96085670e+00, -3.48732477e+00,
           -3.00059645e+00, -2.48426869e+00, -1.93892847e+00, -1.40295406e+00,
           -8.38389331e-01, -2.26348198e-01,  4.35199725e-01,  1.07556669e+00,
            1.67833118e+00,  2.18654438e+00,  2.61600890e+00,  2.95118132e+00,
            3.25025130e+00,  3.55330647e+00,  3.91342827e+00,  4.28827039e+00,
            4.67758623e+00,  5.04116150e+00,  5.23772343e+00,  5.24069180e+00])

  • Radius
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    6.878e+06 6.878e+06 ... 6.868e+06

    units :

    m

    description :

    Position in ITRF - Radius

    array([6878309.29, 6878381.24, 6878452.12, 6878521.94, 6878590.68,
           6878658.33, 6878724.9 , 6878790.38, 6878854.75, 6878918.03,
           6878980.19, 6879041.24, 6879101.17, 6879159.99, 6879217.68,
           6879274.25, 6879329.69, 6879384.  , 6879437.18, 6879489.24,
           6879540.16, 6879589.95, 6879638.61, 6879686.15, 6879732.55,
           6879777.83, 6879821.98, 6879865.01, 6879906.92, 6879947.71,
           6879987.39, 6880025.95, 6880063.41, 6880099.77, 6880135.02,
           6880169.19, 6880202.26, 6880234.25, 6880265.17, 6880295.01,
           6880323.79, 6880351.51, 6880378.18, 6880403.8 , 6880428.39,
           6880451.95, 6880474.49, 6880496.01, 6880516.54, 6880536.07,
           6880554.61, 6880572.17, 6880588.77, 6880604.42, 6880619.11,
           6880632.87, 6880645.7 , 6880657.62, 6880668.63, 6880678.75,
           6880687.98, 6880696.34, 6880703.84, 6880710.49, 6880716.31,
           6880721.3 , 6880725.48, 6880728.86, 6880731.45, 6880733.26,
           6880734.31, 6880734.62, 6880734.18, 6880733.02, 6880731.15,
           6880728.59, 6880725.33, 6880721.41, 6880716.83, 6880711.6 ,
           6880705.75, 6880699.27, 6880692.19, 6880684.53, 6880676.28,
           6880667.47, 6880658.1 , 6880648.2 , 6880637.78, 6880626.85,
           6880615.42, 6880603.5 , 6880591.11, 6880578.27, 6880564.98,
           6880551.26, 6880537.12, 6880522.57, 6880507.64, 6880492.32,
    ...
           6875648.24, 6875587.24, 6875525.58, 6875463.25, 6875400.26,
           6875336.61, 6875272.3 , 6875207.33, 6875141.72, 6875075.46,
           6875008.55, 6874941.01, 6874872.84, 6874804.04, 6874734.62,
           6874664.59, 6874593.94, 6874522.7 , 6874450.87, 6874378.44,
           6874305.45, 6874231.88, 6874157.75, 6874083.07, 6874007.86,
           6873932.11, 6873855.84, 6873779.06, 6873701.78, 6873624.02,
           6873545.77, 6873467.07, 6873387.91, 6873308.31, 6873228.28,
           6873147.84, 6873067.01, 6872985.78, 6872904.19, 6872822.24,
           6872739.96, 6872657.34, 6872574.42, 6872491.2 , 6872407.71,
           6872323.95, 6872239.95, 6872155.72, 6872071.28, 6871986.65,
           6871901.84, 6871816.87, 6871731.76, 6871646.52, 6871561.19,
           6871475.77, 6871390.28, 6871304.75, 6871219.2 , 6871133.64,
           6871048.09, 6870962.58, 6870877.13, 6870791.76, 6870706.48,
           6870621.33, 6870536.32, 6870451.47, 6870366.8 , 6870282.35,
           6870198.12, 6870114.14, 6870030.44, 6869947.03, 6869863.94,
           6869781.19, 6869698.8 , 6869616.79, 6869535.19, 6869454.02,
           6869373.31, 6869293.06, 6869213.31, 6869134.08, 6869055.39,
           6868977.26, 6868899.71, 6868822.77, 6868746.46, 6868670.8 ,
           6868595.81, 6868521.51, 6868447.93, 6868375.09, 6868303.01,
           6868231.7 , 6868161.2 , 6868091.52, 6868022.69, 6867954.72])

  • Longitude
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    -14.12 -14.13 ... 153.6 153.6

    units :

    deg

    description :

    Position in ITRF - Longitude

    array([-14.1166747, -14.1314247, -14.1461558, -14.1608613, -14.1755346,
           -14.1901689, -14.2047575, -14.2192936, -14.2337703, -14.2481808,
           -14.2625181, -14.2767751, -14.2909448, -14.3050199, -14.3189931,
           -14.332857 , -14.3466041, -14.3602267, -14.3737172, -14.3870675,
           -14.4002696, -14.4133154, -14.4261964, -14.4389042, -14.4514298,
           -14.4637645, -14.4758991, -14.4878242, -14.4995301, -14.5110071,
           -14.5222451, -14.5332335, -14.5439618, -14.554419 , -14.5645937,
           -14.5744742, -14.5840486, -14.5933044, -14.6022288, -14.6108087,
           -14.6190302, -14.6268793, -14.6343412, -14.6414009, -14.6480425,
           -14.6542498, -14.6600059, -14.665293 , -14.6700929, -14.6743867,
           -14.6781545, -14.6813757, -14.6840288, -14.6860915, -14.6875404,
           -14.688351 , -14.688498 , -14.6879546, -14.686693 , -14.684684 ,
           -14.681897 , -14.6783   , -14.6738593, -14.6685397, -14.6623041,
           -14.6551134, -14.6469266, -14.6377006, -14.6273897, -14.6159459,
           -14.6033187, -14.5894542, -14.5742961, -14.5577842, -14.5398552,
           -14.5204417, -14.4994724, -14.4768712, -14.4525577, -14.4264459,
           -14.3984444, -14.3684556, -14.3363754, -14.3020925, -14.2654876,
           -14.2264331, -14.184792 , -14.1404171, -14.0931503, -14.042821 ,
           -13.9892452, -13.9322244, -13.8715436, -13.8069698, -13.7382502,
           -13.66511  , -13.5872495, -13.5043421, -13.4160302, -13.3219224,
    ...
           154.3456616, 154.3325292, 154.3192465, 154.3058218, 154.2922629,
           154.2785776, 154.2647737, 154.2508587, 154.23684  , 154.222725 ,
           154.2085209, 154.1942349, 154.1798741, 154.1654454, 154.1509559,
           154.1364123, 154.1218215, 154.1071902, 154.0925253, 154.0778333,
           154.063121 , 154.048395 , 154.033662 , 154.0189287, 154.0042015,
           153.9894873, 153.9747926, 153.9601241, 153.9454886, 153.9308927,
           153.9163432, 153.901847 , 153.8874109, 153.8730419, 153.8587469,
           153.8445331, 153.8304075, 153.8163774, 153.8024503, 153.7886334,
           153.7749344, 153.761361 , 153.7479209, 153.7346222, 153.7214728,
           153.7084812, 153.6956557, 153.6830049, 153.6705376, 153.6582629,
           153.6461898, 153.634328 , 153.622687 , 153.6112768, 153.6001076,
           153.5891898, 153.5785343, 153.5681521, 153.5580547, 153.5482538,
           153.5387615, 153.5295904, 153.5207534, 153.5122639, 153.5041357,
           153.4963831, 153.4890208, 153.4820644, 153.4755295, 153.4694328,
           153.4637914, 153.4586231, 153.4539464, 153.4497805, 153.4461454,
           153.4430621, 153.4405522, 153.4386384, 153.4373444, 153.436695 ,
           153.4367158, 153.437434 , 153.4388778, 153.4410768, 153.4440619,
           153.4478658, 153.4525225, 153.4580679, 153.4645396, 153.4719772,
           153.4804225, 153.4899193, 153.5005139, 153.5122552, 153.5251947,
           153.5393869, 153.5548895, 153.5717634, 153.5900734, 153.609888 ])

  • B_NEC_res_MCO_SHA_2D
    (Timestamp, NEC)
    float64
    -10.09 1.368 -5.43 ... 3.074 9.198

    units :

    nT

    description :

    Magnetic field vector residual, NEC frame, calculated as a difference of the measurement and value of the MCO_SHA_2D spherical harmonic model

    array([[-10.09424362,   1.36791698,  -5.42993824],
           [-10.09848851,   2.26530925,  -5.9472453 ],
           [-10.11291858,   2.42190786,  -6.0895711 ],
           ...,
           [ -7.72571715,   3.50999669,   7.99980669],
           [ -9.91521682,   3.48797379,   9.20155631],
           [-10.29258689,   3.07434277,   9.19817784]])

• Indexes: (2)
  • Timestamp
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(DatetimeIndex(['2014-01-01 00:00:00', '2014-01-01 00:00:10',
                   '2014-01-01 00:00:20', '2014-01-01 00:00:30',
                   '2014-01-01 00:00:40', '2014-01-01 00:00:50',
                   '2014-01-01 00:01:00', '2014-01-01 00:01:10',
                   '2014-01-01 00:01:20', '2014-01-01 00:01:30',
                   ...
                   '2014-01-01 00:58:20', '2014-01-01 00:58:30',
                   '2014-01-01 00:58:40', '2014-01-01 00:58:50',
                   '2014-01-01 00:59:00', '2014-01-01 00:59:10',
                   '2014-01-01 00:59:20', '2014-01-01 00:59:30',
                   '2014-01-01 00:59:40', '2014-01-01 00:59:50'],
                  dtype='datetime64[ns]', name='Timestamp', length=360, freq=None))

  • NEC
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(Index(['N', 'E', 'C'], dtype='object', name='NEC'))

• Attributes: (3)

  Sources :

  ['SW_OPER_MAGA_LR_1B_20140101T000000_20140101T235959_0602_MDR_MAG_LR', 'SW_OPER_MCO_SHA_2D_20131126T000000_20180101T000000_0401', 'SW_OPER_MCO_SHA_2X_19970101T000000_20240807T235959_0718']

  MagneticModels :

  ["CHAOS-Core = 'CHAOS-Core'(max_degree=20,min_degree=1)", 'MCO_SHA_2D = MCO_SHA_2D(max_degree=20,min_degree=1)']

  AppliedFilters :

  []

fig, axes = plt.subplots(nrows=3, ncols=1, figsize=(15,10), sharex=True)
for i, ax in enumerate(axes):
    for model_name in ("CHAOS-Core", "MCO_SHA_2D"):
        ax.plot(
            ds["Timestamp"],
            ds[f"B_NEC_res_{model_name}"][:, i],
            label=model_name
        )
    ax.set_ylabel("NEC"[i] + " [nT]")
    ax.legend()
axes[0].set_title("Residuals to models (NEC components)")
axes[2].set_xlabel("Timestamp");

Note that xarray also allows convenient direct plotting like:

ds["B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core"].plot.line(x="Timestamp");

Access multiple MAG datasets simultaneously

It is possible to fetch data from multiple collections simultaneously. Here we fetch the measurements from Swarm Alpha and Bravo. In the returned data, you can differentiate between them using the “Spacecraft” column.

request = SwarmRequest()
request.set_collection("SW_OPER_MAGA_LR_1B", "SW_OPER_MAGC_LR_1B")
request.set_products(
    measurements=["F", "B_NEC"],
    models=["CHAOS-Core",],
    residuals=True,
    sampling_step="PT10S"
)
data = request.get_between(
    start_time = dt.datetime(2014,1,1, 0),
    end_time = dt.datetime(2014,1,1, 1)
)
df = data.as_dataframe(expand=True)
df.head()

	Latitude	F_res_CHAOS-Core	Radius	Longitude	Spacecraft	B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core_N	B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core_E	B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core_C
Timestamp
2014-01-01 00:00:00	-1.228937	-6.695848	6878309.29	-14.116675	A	-9.414566	0.835332	-4.030257
2014-01-01 00:00:10	-1.862520	-6.416839	6878381.24	-14.131425	A	-9.390190	1.714027	-4.552598
2014-01-01 00:00:20	-2.496089	-6.154351	6878452.12	-14.146156	A	-9.373908	1.852308	-4.703558
2014-01-01 00:00:30	-3.129643	-5.910930	6878521.94	-14.160861	A	-9.359549	1.647682	-4.682828
2014-01-01 00:00:40	-3.763183	-5.623453	6878590.68	-14.175535	A	-9.428457	1.031566	-4.784523

df[df["Spacecraft"] == "A"].head()

	Latitude	F_res_CHAOS-Core	Radius	Longitude	Spacecraft	B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core_N	B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core_E	B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core_C
Timestamp
2014-01-01 00:00:00	-1.228937	-6.695848	6878309.29	-14.116675	A	-9.414566	0.835332	-4.030257
2014-01-01 00:00:10	-1.862520	-6.416839	6878381.24	-14.131425	A	-9.390190	1.714027	-4.552598
2014-01-01 00:00:20	-2.496089	-6.154351	6878452.12	-14.146156	A	-9.373908	1.852308	-4.703558
2014-01-01 00:00:30	-3.129643	-5.910930	6878521.94	-14.160861	A	-9.359549	1.647682	-4.682828
2014-01-01 00:00:40	-3.763183	-5.623453	6878590.68	-14.175535	A	-9.428457	1.031566	-4.784523

df[df["Spacecraft"] == "C"].head()

	Latitude	F_res_CHAOS-Core	Radius	Longitude	Spacecraft	B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core_N	B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core_E	B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core_C
Timestamp
2014-01-01 00:00:00	5.908083	-10.098784	6877665.96	-14.420068	C	-10.085120	1.993727	-0.316837
2014-01-01 00:00:10	5.274386	-9.724007	6877747.64	-14.434576	C	-9.854962	2.075957	-0.815382
2014-01-01 00:00:20	4.640702	-9.431278	6877828.37	-14.449141	C	-9.761243	1.978650	-1.273802
2014-01-01 00:00:30	4.007031	-9.215576	6877908.13	-14.463755	C	-9.880403	1.576165	-1.887636
2014-01-01 00:00:40	3.373371	-8.991461	6877986.91	-14.478411	C	-9.981207	1.066904	-2.313399

… or using xarray

ds = data.as_xarray()
ds.where(ds["Spacecraft"] == "A", drop=True)

<xarray.Dataset>
Dimensions:               (Timestamp: 360, NEC: 3)
Coordinates:
  * Timestamp             (Timestamp) datetime64[ns] 2014-01-01 ... 2014-01-0...
  * NEC                   (NEC) <U1 'N' 'E' 'C'
Data variables:
    Spacecraft            (Timestamp) object 'A' 'A' 'A' 'A' ... 'A' 'A' 'A' 'A'
    B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core  (Timestamp, NEC) float64 -9.415 0.8353 ... 3.148 10.32
    Latitude              (Timestamp) float64 -1.229 -1.863 ... 48.14 48.77
    F_res_CHAOS-Core      (Timestamp) float64 -6.696 -6.417 ... 5.238 5.241
    Radius                (Timestamp) float64 6.878e+06 6.878e+06 ... 6.868e+06
    Longitude             (Timestamp) float64 -14.12 -14.13 ... 153.6 153.6
Attributes:
    Sources:         ['SW_OPER_MAGA_LR_1B_20140101T000000_20140101T235959_060...
    MagneticModels:  ["CHAOS-Core = 'CHAOS-Core'(max_degree=20,min_degree=1)"]
    AppliedFilters:  []

xarray.Dataset

• Dimensions:
  • Timestamp: 360
  • NEC: 3
• Coordinates: (2)
  • Timestamp
    (Timestamp)
    datetime64[ns]
    2014-01-01 ... 2014-01-01T00:59:50

    description :

    Time stamp

    array(['2014-01-01T00:00:00.000000000', '2014-01-01T00:00:10.000000000',
           '2014-01-01T00:00:20.000000000', ..., '2014-01-01T00:59:30.000000000',
           '2014-01-01T00:59:40.000000000', '2014-01-01T00:59:50.000000000'],
          dtype='datetime64[ns]')

  • NEC
    (NEC)
    <U1
    'N' 'E' 'C'

    units :

    description :

    NEC frame - North, East, Centre (down)

    array(['N', 'E', 'C'], dtype='<U1')

• Data variables: (6)
  • Spacecraft
    (Timestamp)
    object
    'A' 'A' 'A' 'A' ... 'A' 'A' 'A' 'A'

    units :

    -

    description :

    Spacecraft identifier (values: 'A', 'B', 'C' or '-' if not available).

    array(['A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A'], dtype=object)

  • B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core
    (Timestamp, NEC)
    float64
    -9.415 0.8353 -4.03 ... 3.148 10.32

    units :

    nT

    description :

    Magnetic field vector residual, NEC frame, calculated as a difference of the measurement and value of the CHAOS-Core spherical harmonic model

    array([[-9.41456558,  0.8353318 , -4.03025674],
           [-9.39018993,  1.71402748, -4.55259787],
           [-9.37390791,  1.85230751, -4.7035581 ],
           ...,
           [-5.15192218,  3.60934268,  8.94243271],
           [-7.35846813,  3.57268378, 10.2357502 ],
           [-7.75741133,  3.14755514, 10.31889692]])

  • Latitude
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    -1.229 -1.863 ... 48.14 48.77

    units :

    deg

    description :

    Position in ITRF - Latitude

    array([ -1.2289367,  -1.8625199,  -2.4960888,  -3.1296434,  -3.7631833,
            -4.3967085,  -5.0302189,  -5.6637142,  -6.2971943,  -6.930659 ,
            -7.5641082,  -8.1975418,  -8.8309595,  -9.4643613, -10.0977469,
           -10.7311163, -11.3644692, -11.9978055, -12.631125 , -13.2644277,
           -13.8977133, -14.5309817, -15.1642327, -15.7974662, -16.430682 ,
           -17.06388  , -17.6970599, -18.3302217, -18.9633651, -19.5964899,
           -20.2295961, -20.8626834, -21.4957516, -22.1288005, -22.76183  ,
           -23.3948398, -24.0278298, -24.6607997, -25.2937494, -25.9266786,
           -26.559587 , -27.1924745, -27.8253407, -28.4581855, -29.0910086,
           -29.7238097, -30.3565885, -30.9893447, -31.6220781, -32.2547882,
           -32.8874748, -33.5201375, -34.152776 , -34.7853898, -35.4179787,
           -36.050542 , -36.6830795, -37.3155906, -37.9480748, -38.5805317,
           -39.2129607, -39.8453613, -40.4777327, -41.1100745, -41.7423859,
           -42.3746662, -43.0069147, -43.6391306, -44.271313 , -44.903461 ,
           -45.5355738, -46.1676502, -46.7996893, -47.4316898, -48.0636507,
           -48.6955705, -49.327448 , -49.9592815, -50.5910697, -51.2228107,
           -51.8545029, -52.4861442, -53.1177327, -53.749266 , -54.3807418,
           -55.0121576, -55.6435105, -56.2747977, -56.9060159, -57.5371615,
           -58.168231 , -58.7992201, -59.4301244, -60.0609392, -60.6916592,
           -61.3222787, -61.9527915, -62.5831907, -63.2134689, -63.8436178,
    ...
           -14.0397277, -13.405721 , -12.7716952, -12.1376506, -11.5035875,
           -10.8695061, -10.2354067,  -9.6012896,  -8.9671549,  -8.3330029,
            -7.6988339,  -7.0646482,  -6.430446 ,  -5.7962275,  -5.1619929,
            -4.5277427,  -3.8934769,  -3.2591958,  -2.6248997,  -1.9905889,
            -1.3562636,  -0.7219241,  -0.0875706,   0.5467966,   1.1811773,
             1.8155712,   2.449978 ,   3.0843975,   3.7188294,   4.3532734,
             4.9877292,   5.6221967,   6.2566754,   6.8911652,   7.5256657,
             8.1601766,   8.7946977,   9.4292287,  10.0637692,  10.698319 ,
            11.3328778,  11.9674452,  12.6020211,  13.2366049,  13.8711966,
            14.5057956,  15.1404017,  15.7750147,  16.409634 ,  17.0442595,
            17.6788907,  18.3135273,  18.9481689,  19.5828152,  20.2174659,
            20.8521204,  21.4867785,  22.1214398,  22.7561039,  23.3907703,
            24.0254387,  24.6601086,  25.2947796,  25.9294512,  26.5641231,
            27.1987948,  27.8334657,  28.4681355,  29.1028036,  29.7374695,
            30.3721328,  31.0067928,  31.6414491,  32.276101 ,  32.9107481,
            33.5453896,  34.1800251,  34.8146539,  35.4492752,  36.0838885,
            36.7184931,  37.3530882,  37.9876731,  38.6222469,  39.256809 ,
            39.8913584,  40.5258944,  41.1604159,  41.794922 ,  42.4294118,
            43.0638842,  43.6983381,  44.3327725,  44.967186 ,  45.6015775,
            46.2359458,  46.8702893,  47.5046067,  48.1388964,  48.7731569])

  • F_res_CHAOS-Core
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    -6.696 -6.417 ... 5.238 5.241

    units :

    nT

    description :

    Magnetic field intensity residual, calculated as a difference of the measurement and value of the CHAOS-Core spherical harmonic model

    array([-6.69584759e+00, -6.41683852e+00, -6.15435100e+00, -5.91093003e+00,
           -5.62345325e+00, -5.30675045e+00, -4.97041146e+00, -4.64167063e+00,
           -4.24497053e+00, -4.07931938e+00, -3.79962015e+00, -3.51800754e+00,
           -3.22135848e+00, -2.93416405e+00, -2.64272814e+00, -2.33561191e+00,
           -2.02781529e+00, -1.70793879e+00, -1.39140200e+00, -1.08244320e+00,
           -7.98405795e-01, -5.15880251e-01, -2.50619347e-01,  1.60921357e-02,
            2.52109949e-01,  4.78275746e-01,  7.01044681e-01,  9.19937940e-01,
            1.14715433e+00,  1.37164675e+00,  1.62015288e+00,  1.88289444e+00,
            2.14989267e+00,  2.42706122e+00,  2.71378006e+00,  2.99641898e+00,
            3.28622784e+00,  3.56663913e+00,  3.82880761e+00,  4.09066688e+00,
            4.33463057e+00,  4.57079118e+00,  4.79488705e+00,  5.01607077e+00,
            5.20218194e+00,  5.38035660e+00,  5.56318468e+00,  5.72787187e+00,
            5.87998649e+00,  6.02691539e+00,  6.17534660e+00,  6.32716070e+00,
            6.50627680e+00,  6.69992661e+00,  6.89425399e+00,  7.08397044e+00,
            7.27158102e+00,  7.43910209e+00,  7.58297563e+00,  7.71049060e+00,
            7.82448222e+00,  7.93664298e+00,  8.05198353e+00,  8.19020094e+00,
            8.35230574e+00,  8.52959980e+00,  8.74061371e+00,  8.96505564e+00,
            9.19656142e+00,  9.43571727e+00,  9.66226116e+00,  9.88615976e+00,
            1.00889072e+01,  1.02664377e+01,  1.04311866e+01,  1.05663407e+01,
            1.06879064e+01,  1.07988029e+01,  1.09276385e+01,  1.10425299e+01,
    ...
           -1.12445108e+01, -1.09626333e+01, -1.09958728e+01, -1.13971744e+01,
           -1.21662833e+01, -1.32935698e+01, -1.48377527e+01, -1.66994515e+01,
           -1.87668407e+01, -2.08825897e+01, -2.28898320e+01, -2.45611468e+01,
           -2.56315935e+01, -2.58673310e+01, -2.51668587e+01, -2.35616206e+01,
           -2.12143689e+01, -1.84149259e+01, -1.54658566e+01, -1.26514423e+01,
           -1.01709168e+01, -8.13219798e+00, -6.60478064e+00, -5.54463661e+00,
           -4.89539107e+00, -4.56301486e+00, -4.46171041e+00, -4.53051073e+00,
           -4.67918840e+00, -4.84147888e+00, -4.99658743e+00, -5.14875942e+00,
           -5.31811581e+00, -5.54393946e+00, -5.77060882e+00, -5.94842940e+00,
           -6.05852274e+00, -6.14174781e+00, -6.19059796e+00, -6.18649584e+00,
           -6.09341068e+00, -5.94365389e+00, -5.72167313e+00, -5.42275888e+00,
           -5.12009488e+00, -4.82678024e+00, -4.61254995e+00, -4.45360203e+00,
           -4.40331984e+00, -4.43889381e+00, -4.54537157e+00, -4.68898629e+00,
           -4.88643975e+00, -5.04348728e+00, -5.07113580e+00, -4.93491827e+00,
           -4.69453410e+00, -4.36284858e+00, -3.96085670e+00, -3.48732477e+00,
           -3.00059645e+00, -2.48426869e+00, -1.93892847e+00, -1.40295406e+00,
           -8.38389331e-01, -2.26348198e-01,  4.35199725e-01,  1.07556669e+00,
            1.67833118e+00,  2.18654438e+00,  2.61600890e+00,  2.95118132e+00,
            3.25025130e+00,  3.55330647e+00,  3.91342827e+00,  4.28827039e+00,
            4.67758623e+00,  5.04116150e+00,  5.23772343e+00,  5.24069180e+00])

  • Radius
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    6.878e+06 6.878e+06 ... 6.868e+06

    units :

    m

    description :

    Position in ITRF - Radius

    array([6878309.29, 6878381.24, 6878452.12, 6878521.94, 6878590.68,
           6878658.33, 6878724.9 , 6878790.38, 6878854.75, 6878918.03,
           6878980.19, 6879041.24, 6879101.17, 6879159.99, 6879217.68,
           6879274.25, 6879329.69, 6879384.  , 6879437.18, 6879489.24,
           6879540.16, 6879589.95, 6879638.61, 6879686.15, 6879732.55,
           6879777.83, 6879821.98, 6879865.01, 6879906.92, 6879947.71,
           6879987.39, 6880025.95, 6880063.41, 6880099.77, 6880135.02,
           6880169.19, 6880202.26, 6880234.25, 6880265.17, 6880295.01,
           6880323.79, 6880351.51, 6880378.18, 6880403.8 , 6880428.39,
           6880451.95, 6880474.49, 6880496.01, 6880516.54, 6880536.07,
           6880554.61, 6880572.17, 6880588.77, 6880604.42, 6880619.11,
           6880632.87, 6880645.7 , 6880657.62, 6880668.63, 6880678.75,
           6880687.98, 6880696.34, 6880703.84, 6880710.49, 6880716.31,
           6880721.3 , 6880725.48, 6880728.86, 6880731.45, 6880733.26,
           6880734.31, 6880734.62, 6880734.18, 6880733.02, 6880731.15,
           6880728.59, 6880725.33, 6880721.41, 6880716.83, 6880711.6 ,
           6880705.75, 6880699.27, 6880692.19, 6880684.53, 6880676.28,
           6880667.47, 6880658.1 , 6880648.2 , 6880637.78, 6880626.85,
           6880615.42, 6880603.5 , 6880591.11, 6880578.27, 6880564.98,
           6880551.26, 6880537.12, 6880522.57, 6880507.64, 6880492.32,
    ...
           6875648.24, 6875587.24, 6875525.58, 6875463.25, 6875400.26,
           6875336.61, 6875272.3 , 6875207.33, 6875141.72, 6875075.46,
           6875008.55, 6874941.01, 6874872.84, 6874804.04, 6874734.62,
           6874664.59, 6874593.94, 6874522.7 , 6874450.87, 6874378.44,
           6874305.45, 6874231.88, 6874157.75, 6874083.07, 6874007.86,
           6873932.11, 6873855.84, 6873779.06, 6873701.78, 6873624.02,
           6873545.77, 6873467.07, 6873387.91, 6873308.31, 6873228.28,
           6873147.84, 6873067.01, 6872985.78, 6872904.19, 6872822.24,
           6872739.96, 6872657.34, 6872574.42, 6872491.2 , 6872407.71,
           6872323.95, 6872239.95, 6872155.72, 6872071.28, 6871986.65,
           6871901.84, 6871816.87, 6871731.76, 6871646.52, 6871561.19,
           6871475.77, 6871390.28, 6871304.75, 6871219.2 , 6871133.64,
           6871048.09, 6870962.58, 6870877.13, 6870791.76, 6870706.48,
           6870621.33, 6870536.32, 6870451.47, 6870366.8 , 6870282.35,
           6870198.12, 6870114.14, 6870030.44, 6869947.03, 6869863.94,
           6869781.19, 6869698.8 , 6869616.79, 6869535.19, 6869454.02,
           6869373.31, 6869293.06, 6869213.31, 6869134.08, 6869055.39,
           6868977.26, 6868899.71, 6868822.77, 6868746.46, 6868670.8 ,
           6868595.81, 6868521.51, 6868447.93, 6868375.09, 6868303.01,
           6868231.7 , 6868161.2 , 6868091.52, 6868022.69, 6867954.72])

  • Longitude
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    -14.12 -14.13 ... 153.6 153.6

    units :

    deg

    description :

    Position in ITRF - Longitude

    array([-14.1166747, -14.1314247, -14.1461558, -14.1608613, -14.1755346,
           -14.1901689, -14.2047575, -14.2192936, -14.2337703, -14.2481808,
           -14.2625181, -14.2767751, -14.2909448, -14.3050199, -14.3189931,
           -14.332857 , -14.3466041, -14.3602267, -14.3737172, -14.3870675,
           -14.4002696, -14.4133154, -14.4261964, -14.4389042, -14.4514298,
           -14.4637645, -14.4758991, -14.4878242, -14.4995301, -14.5110071,
           -14.5222451, -14.5332335, -14.5439618, -14.554419 , -14.5645937,
           -14.5744742, -14.5840486, -14.5933044, -14.6022288, -14.6108087,
           -14.6190302, -14.6268793, -14.6343412, -14.6414009, -14.6480425,
           -14.6542498, -14.6600059, -14.665293 , -14.6700929, -14.6743867,
           -14.6781545, -14.6813757, -14.6840288, -14.6860915, -14.6875404,
           -14.688351 , -14.688498 , -14.6879546, -14.686693 , -14.684684 ,
           -14.681897 , -14.6783   , -14.6738593, -14.6685397, -14.6623041,
           -14.6551134, -14.6469266, -14.6377006, -14.6273897, -14.6159459,
           -14.6033187, -14.5894542, -14.5742961, -14.5577842, -14.5398552,
           -14.5204417, -14.4994724, -14.4768712, -14.4525577, -14.4264459,
           -14.3984444, -14.3684556, -14.3363754, -14.3020925, -14.2654876,
           -14.2264331, -14.184792 , -14.1404171, -14.0931503, -14.042821 ,
           -13.9892452, -13.9322244, -13.8715436, -13.8069698, -13.7382502,
           -13.66511  , -13.5872495, -13.5043421, -13.4160302, -13.3219224,
    ...
           154.3456616, 154.3325292, 154.3192465, 154.3058218, 154.2922629,
           154.2785776, 154.2647737, 154.2508587, 154.23684  , 154.222725 ,
           154.2085209, 154.1942349, 154.1798741, 154.1654454, 154.1509559,
           154.1364123, 154.1218215, 154.1071902, 154.0925253, 154.0778333,
           154.063121 , 154.048395 , 154.033662 , 154.0189287, 154.0042015,
           153.9894873, 153.9747926, 153.9601241, 153.9454886, 153.9308927,
           153.9163432, 153.901847 , 153.8874109, 153.8730419, 153.8587469,
           153.8445331, 153.8304075, 153.8163774, 153.8024503, 153.7886334,
           153.7749344, 153.761361 , 153.7479209, 153.7346222, 153.7214728,
           153.7084812, 153.6956557, 153.6830049, 153.6705376, 153.6582629,
           153.6461898, 153.634328 , 153.622687 , 153.6112768, 153.6001076,
           153.5891898, 153.5785343, 153.5681521, 153.5580547, 153.5482538,
           153.5387615, 153.5295904, 153.5207534, 153.5122639, 153.5041357,
           153.4963831, 153.4890208, 153.4820644, 153.4755295, 153.4694328,
           153.4637914, 153.4586231, 153.4539464, 153.4497805, 153.4461454,
           153.4430621, 153.4405522, 153.4386384, 153.4373444, 153.436695 ,
           153.4367158, 153.437434 , 153.4388778, 153.4410768, 153.4440619,
           153.4478658, 153.4525225, 153.4580679, 153.4645396, 153.4719772,
           153.4804225, 153.4899193, 153.5005139, 153.5122552, 153.5251947,
           153.5393869, 153.5548895, 153.5717634, 153.5900734, 153.609888 ])

• Indexes: (2)
  • Timestamp
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(DatetimeIndex(['2014-01-01 00:00:00', '2014-01-01 00:00:10',
                   '2014-01-01 00:00:20', '2014-01-01 00:00:30',
                   '2014-01-01 00:00:40', '2014-01-01 00:00:50',
                   '2014-01-01 00:01:00', '2014-01-01 00:01:10',
                   '2014-01-01 00:01:20', '2014-01-01 00:01:30',
                   ...
                   '2014-01-01 00:58:20', '2014-01-01 00:58:30',
                   '2014-01-01 00:58:40', '2014-01-01 00:58:50',
                   '2014-01-01 00:59:00', '2014-01-01 00:59:10',
                   '2014-01-01 00:59:20', '2014-01-01 00:59:30',
                   '2014-01-01 00:59:40', '2014-01-01 00:59:50'],
                  dtype='datetime64[ns]', name='Timestamp', length=360, freq=None))

  • NEC
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(Index(['N', 'E', 'C'], dtype='object', name='NEC'))

• Attributes: (3)

  Sources :

  ['SW_OPER_MAGA_LR_1B_20140101T000000_20140101T235959_0602_MDR_MAG_LR', 'SW_OPER_MAGC_LR_1B_20140101T000000_20140101T235959_0602_MDR_MAG_LR', 'SW_OPER_MCO_SHA_2X_19970101T000000_20240807T235959_0718']

  MagneticModels :

  ["CHAOS-Core = 'CHAOS-Core'(max_degree=20,min_degree=1)"]

  AppliedFilters :

  []