MAGxLR_1B (Magnetic field 1Hz)

Abstract: Access to the low rate (1Hz) magnetic data (level 1b product), together with geomagnetic model evaluations (level 2 products).

%load_ext watermark
%watermark -i -v -p viresclient,pandas,xarray,matplotlib

Python implementation: CPython
Python version       : 3.11.6
IPython version      : 8.18.0

viresclient: 0.15.2
pandas     : 2.1.3
xarray     : 2023.12.0
matplotlib : 3.8.2

from viresclient import SwarmRequest
import datetime as dt
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

request = SwarmRequest()

Product information

This is one of the main products from Swarm - the 1Hz measurements of the magnetic field vector (B_NEC) and total intensity (F). These are derived from the Vector Field Magnetometer (VFM) and Absolute Scalar Magnetometer (ASM).

Documentation:

• Swarm Handbook: MAGx_LR_1B

• Product specification

Measurements are available through VirES as part of collections with names containing MAGx_LR, for each Swarm spacecraft:

request.available_collections("MAG", details=False)

{'MAG': ['SW_OPER_MAGA_LR_1B',
  'SW_OPER_MAGB_LR_1B',
  'SW_OPER_MAGC_LR_1B',
  'SW_FAST_MAGA_LR_1B',
  'SW_FAST_MAGB_LR_1B',
  'SW_FAST_MAGC_LR_1B']}

The measurements can be used together with geomagnetic model evaluations as shall be shown below.

Check what “MAG” data variables are available

request.available_measurements("MAG")

['F',
 'dF_Sun',
 'dF_AOCS',
 'dF_other',
 'F_error',
 'B_VFM',
 'B_NEC',
 'dB_Sun',
 'dB_AOCS',
 'dB_other',
 'B_error',
 'q_NEC_CRF',
 'Att_error',
 'Flags_F',
 'Flags_B',
 'Flags_q',
 'Flags_Platform',
 'ASM_Freq_Dev']

Check the names of available models

request.available_models(details=False)

['IGRF',
 'LCS-1',
 'MF7',
 'CHAOS-Core',
 'CHAOS-Static',
 'CHAOS-MMA-Primary',
 'CHAOS-MMA-Secondary',
 'CHAOS-MIO',
 'MCO_SHA_2C',
 'MCO_SHA_2D',
 'MLI_SHA_2C',
 'MLI_SHA_2D',
 'MLI_SHA_2E',
 'MMA_SHA_2C-Primary',
 'MMA_SHA_2C-Secondary',
 'MMA_SHA_2F-Primary',
 'MMA_SHA_2F-Secondary',
 'MIO_SHA_2C-Primary',
 'MIO_SHA_2C-Secondary',
 'MIO_SHA_2D-Primary',
 'MIO_SHA_2D-Secondary',
 'AMPS',
 'MCO_SHA_2X',
 'CHAOS',
 'CHAOS-MMA',
 'MMA_SHA_2C',
 'MMA_SHA_2F',
 'MIO_SHA_2C',
 'MIO_SHA_2D',
 'SwarmCI']

Fetch some MAG data and models

We can fetch the data and the model predictions (evaluated on demand) at the same time. We can also subsample the data - here we subsample it to 10-seconds by specifying the “PT10S” sampling_step.

request.set_collection("SW_OPER_MAGA_LR_1B")
request.set_products(
    measurements=["F", "B_NEC"],
    models=["CHAOS-Core", "MCO_SHA_2D"],
    sampling_step="PT10S",
)
data = request.get_between(
    # 2014-01-01 00:00:00
    start_time=dt.datetime(2014, 1, 1, 0),
    # 2014-01-01 01:00:00
    end_time=dt.datetime(2014, 1, 1, 1),
)

See a list of the source files

data.sources

['SW_OPER_MAGA_LR_1B_20140101T000000_20140101T235959_0701_MDR_MAG_LR',
 'SW_OPER_MCO_SHA_2D_20131126T000000_20180101T000000_0401',
 'SW_OPER_MCO_SHA_2X_19970101T000000_20260807T235959_0806']

Load as a pandas dataframe

Use expand=True to extract vectors (B_NEC…) as separate columns (…_N, …_E, …_C)

df = data.as_dataframe(expand=True)
df.head()

	Longitude	F_MCO_SHA_2D	Radius	F_CHAOS-Core	F	Spacecraft	Latitude	B_NEC_CHAOS-Core_N	B_NEC_CHAOS-Core_E	B_NEC_CHAOS-Core_C	B_NEC_MCO_SHA_2D_N	B_NEC_MCO_SHA_2D_E	B_NEC_MCO_SHA_2D_C	B_NEC_N	B_NEC_E	B_NEC_C
Timestamp
2014-01-01 00:00:00	-14.116674	22874.211386	6878309.23	22874.627853	22867.4800	A	-1.228938	20113.753203	-4127.380674	-10082.175373	20113.623790	-4127.463942	-10081.454557	20103.4954	-4125.6029	-10086.8732
2014-01-01 00:00:10	-14.131424	22820.941311	6878381.18	22821.352181	22814.4928	A	-1.862521	19825.265483	-4163.033275	-10509.144485	19825.161759	-4163.127529	-10508.410571	19815.0284	-4160.3663	-10514.3464
2014-01-01 00:00:20	-14.146155	22769.369047	6878452.06	22769.774354	22763.1833	A	-2.496090	19533.632431	-4197.424334	-10921.605063	19533.553823	-4197.529033	-10920.860399	19523.4054	-4194.6083	-10926.9383
2014-01-01 00:00:30	-14.160861	22719.238127	6878521.88	22719.637990	22713.2926	A	-3.129644	19239.397631	-4230.487146	-11319.474710	19239.343493	-4230.601798	-11318.721282	19229.1766	-4227.8647	-11324.7658
2014-01-01 00:00:40	-14.175534	22670.304568	6878590.62	22670.699142	22664.6401	A	-3.763184	18943.105382	-4262.156428	-11702.708261	18943.075066	-4262.280613	-11701.947711	18932.8056	-4260.1382	-11708.0771

… or as an xarray dataset:

ds = data.as_xarray()
ds

<xarray.Dataset>
Dimensions:           (Timestamp: 360, NEC: 3)
Coordinates:
  * Timestamp         (Timestamp) datetime64[ns] 2014-01-01 ... 2014-01-01T00...
  * NEC               (NEC) <U1 'N' 'E' 'C'
Data variables:
    Spacecraft        (Timestamp) object 'A' 'A' 'A' 'A' 'A' ... 'A' 'A' 'A' 'A'
    Longitude         (Timestamp) float64 -14.12 -14.13 -14.15 ... 153.6 153.6
    B_NEC_MCO_SHA_2D  (Timestamp, NEC) float64 2.011e+04 ... 3.557e+04
    B_NEC             (Timestamp, NEC) float64 2.01e+04 -4.126e+03 ... 3.558e+04
    F_MCO_SHA_2D      (Timestamp) float64 2.287e+04 2.282e+04 ... 4.021e+04
    Radius            (Timestamp) float64 6.878e+06 6.878e+06 ... 6.868e+06
    F_CHAOS-Core      (Timestamp) float64 2.287e+04 2.282e+04 ... 4.02e+04
    F                 (Timestamp) float64 2.287e+04 2.281e+04 ... 4.021e+04
    B_NEC_CHAOS-Core  (Timestamp, NEC) float64 2.011e+04 ... 3.558e+04
    Latitude          (Timestamp) float64 -1.229 -1.863 -2.496 ... 48.14 48.77
Attributes:
    Sources:         ['SW_OPER_MAGA_LR_1B_20140101T000000_20140101T235959_070...
    MagneticModels:  ["CHAOS-Core = 'CHAOS-Core'(max_degree=20,min_degree=1)"...
    AppliedFilters:  []

xarray.Dataset

• Dimensions:
  • Timestamp: 360
  • NEC: 3
• Coordinates: (2)
  • Timestamp
    (Timestamp)
    datetime64[ns]
    2014-01-01 ... 2014-01-01T00:59:50

    description :

    Time stamp

    array(['2014-01-01T00:00:00.000000000', '2014-01-01T00:00:10.000000000',
           '2014-01-01T00:00:20.000000000', ..., '2014-01-01T00:59:30.000000000',
           '2014-01-01T00:59:40.000000000', '2014-01-01T00:59:50.000000000'],
          dtype='datetime64[ns]')

  • NEC
    (NEC)
    <U1
    'N' 'E' 'C'

    units :

    description :

    NEC frame - North, East, Centre (down)

    array(['N', 'E', 'C'], dtype='<U1')

• Data variables: (10)
  • Spacecraft
    (Timestamp)
    object
    'A' 'A' 'A' 'A' ... 'A' 'A' 'A' 'A'

    units :

    -

    description :

    Spacecraft identifier (values: 'A', 'B', 'C' or '-' if not available).

    array(['A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A'], dtype=object)

  • Longitude
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    -14.12 -14.13 ... 153.6 153.6

    units :

    deg

    description :

    Position in ITRF - Longitude

    array([-14.1166743, -14.1314243, -14.1461554, -14.1608609, -14.1755342,
           -14.1901685, -14.2047571, -14.2192932, -14.2337699, -14.2481804,
           -14.2625177, -14.2767748, -14.2909444, -14.3050195, -14.3189927,
           -14.3328566, -14.3466037, -14.3602264, -14.3737168, -14.3870671,
           -14.4002693, -14.4133151, -14.4261961, -14.4389038, -14.4514295,
           -14.4637642, -14.4758988, -14.4878238, -14.4995298, -14.5110068,
           -14.5222447, -14.5332332, -14.5439615, -14.5544187, -14.5645933,
           -14.5744739, -14.5840483, -14.5933041, -14.6022285, -14.6108083,
           -14.6190299, -14.6268789, -14.6343409, -14.6414006, -14.6480422,
           -14.6542495, -14.6600055, -14.6652927, -14.6700926, -14.6743864,
           -14.6781542, -14.6813754, -14.6840285, -14.6860912, -14.6875401,
           -14.6883507, -14.6884977, -14.6879543, -14.6866927, -14.6846837,
           -14.6818967, -14.6782997, -14.673859 , -14.6685394, -14.6623038,
           -14.6551131, -14.6469263, -14.6377003, -14.6273894, -14.6159457,
           -14.6033184, -14.589454 , -14.5742958, -14.557784 , -14.539855 ,
           -14.5204415, -14.4994721, -14.476871 , -14.4525575, -14.4264457,
           -14.3984442, -14.3684554, -14.3363752, -14.3020922, -14.2654873,
           -14.2264328, -14.1847917, -14.1404169, -14.0931501, -14.0428207,
           -13.989245 , -13.9322242, -13.8715433, -13.8069696, -13.73825  ,
           -13.6651097, -13.5872493, -13.5043418, -13.41603  , -13.3219222,
    ...
           154.3456616, 154.3325292, 154.3192466, 154.3058218, 154.2922629,
           154.2785777, 154.2647737, 154.2508587, 154.23684  , 154.222725 ,
           154.2085209, 154.1942349, 154.1798741, 154.1654455, 154.1509559,
           154.1364123, 154.1218215, 154.1071902, 154.0925253, 154.0778333,
           154.063121 , 154.048395 , 154.033662 , 154.0189287, 154.0042015,
           153.9894873, 153.9747926, 153.9601241, 153.9454886, 153.9308927,
           153.9163432, 153.901847 , 153.8874109, 153.8730419, 153.8587469,
           153.8445331, 153.8304075, 153.8163774, 153.8024502, 153.7886334,
           153.7749344, 153.761361 , 153.7479209, 153.7346221, 153.7214728,
           153.7084812, 153.6956557, 153.6830049, 153.6705376, 153.6582628,
           153.6461898, 153.634328 , 153.622687 , 153.6112768, 153.6001075,
           153.5891898, 153.5785343, 153.5681521, 153.5580546, 153.5482537,
           153.5387614, 153.5295904, 153.5207534, 153.5122638, 153.5041356,
           153.496383 , 153.4890208, 153.4820643, 153.4755295, 153.4694328,
           153.4637914, 153.4586231, 153.4539463, 153.4497804, 153.4461453,
           153.443062 , 153.4405521, 153.4386383, 153.4373443, 153.4366949,
           153.4367157, 153.4374339, 153.4388777, 153.4410767, 153.4440618,
           153.4478657, 153.4525224, 153.4580678, 153.4645395, 153.4719771,
           153.4804224, 153.4899192, 153.5005138, 153.5122551, 153.5251946,
           153.5393868, 153.5548894, 153.5717634, 153.5900733, 153.6098879])

  • B_NEC_MCO_SHA_2D
    (Timestamp, NEC)
    float64
    2.011e+04 -4.127e+03 ... 3.557e+04

    units :

    nT

    description :

    Magnetic field vector, NEC frame, calculated by the MCO_SHA_2D spherical harmonic model

    array([[ 20113.62378973,  -4127.46394188, -10081.45455737],
           [ 19825.16175918,  -4163.12752932, -10508.41057114],
           [ 19533.55382342,  -4197.52903345, -10920.86039864],
           ...,
           [ 19129.93319584,  -1775.95410044,  34711.24757684],
           [ 18889.68968635,  -1793.32968584,  35145.82174384],
           [ 18645.41210832,  -1808.14125488,  35574.78759174]])

  • B_NEC
    (Timestamp, NEC)
    float64
    2.01e+04 -4.126e+03 ... 3.558e+04

    units :

    nT

    description :

    Magnetic field vector, NEC frame

    array([[ 20103.4954,  -4125.6029, -10086.8732],
           [ 19815.0284,  -4160.3663, -10514.3464],
           [ 19523.4054,  -4194.6083, -10926.9383],
           ...,
           [ 19122.1554,  -1771.8435,  34719.1592],
           [ 18879.7226,  -1789.2399,  35154.9347],
           [ 18635.0677,  -1804.4639,  35583.8968]])

  • F_MCO_SHA_2D
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    2.287e+04 2.282e+04 ... 4.021e+04

    units :

    nT

    description :

    Magnetic field intensity, calculated by the MCO_SHA_2D spherical harmonic model

    array([22874.21138616, 22820.94131132, 22769.36904716, 22719.23812689,
           22670.30456813, 22622.33780792, 22575.12219399, 22528.45785223,
           22482.16170451, 22436.06798846, 22390.02860622, 22343.91347663,
           22297.61065434, 22251.02639378, 22204.08431774, 22156.72588855,
           22108.9092914 , 22060.60902499, 22011.81515049, 21962.53291883,
           21912.7812344 , 21862.59267082, 21812.01183649, 21761.09481799,
           21709.90856487, 21658.52935921, 21607.04251047, 21555.5415094 ,
           21504.1268485 , 21452.90569329, 21401.99095358, 21351.50091329,
           21301.55828264, 21252.29007445, 21203.827063  , 21156.30328653,
           21109.85571902, 21064.62434957, 21020.75151474, 20978.38227606,
           20937.66387404, 20898.74611749, 20861.78114204, 20826.92361666,
           20794.33090157, 20764.16301399, 20736.58291589, 20711.75672146,
           20689.85359818, 20671.04643809, 20655.51157698, 20643.42899529,
           20634.98262621, 20630.36018213, 20629.75315604, 20633.35696346,
           20641.37057624, 20653.99633765, 20671.43985026, 20693.90933254,
           20721.61542764, 20754.77031082, 20793.58752921, 20838.28078812,
           20889.06339288, 20946.14745762, 21009.74272677, 21080.05574657,
           21157.28874098, 21241.63851139, 21333.2951812 , 21432.44141394,
           21539.25067184, 21653.88661456, 21776.50147754, 21907.23524988,
           22046.21440529, 22193.55091641, 22349.34139861, 22513.66597902,
    ...
           29753.73149158, 29567.29858251, 29389.91738895, 29221.81070888,
           29063.18672034, 28914.23907109, 28775.14579608, 28646.06946135,
           28527.1568092 , 28418.53851618, 28320.32879594, 28232.62565262,
           28155.51015437, 28089.04674398, 28033.28286664, 27988.24922   ,
           27953.9593535 , 27930.40982301, 27917.58043007, 27915.43419568,
           27923.91743863, 27942.96007831, 27972.47621988, 28012.36375455,
           28062.50589802, 28122.77063892, 28193.01188183, 28273.07017952,
           28362.77312409, 28461.93639944, 28570.36464514, 28687.85223957,
           28814.18435767, 28949.13790944, 29092.48279928, 29243.9824857 ,
           29403.39552589, 29570.4760846 , 29744.97520543, 29926.64166522,
           30115.22265463, 30310.46417701, 30512.11274767, 30719.91435924,
           30933.61629806, 31152.96636296, 31377.71381857, 31607.60912575,
           31842.40381692, 32081.850296  , 32325.70244284, 32573.71430537,
           32825.64048263, 33081.23589554, 33340.25506546, 33602.45237909,
           33867.58157525, 34135.39554529, 34405.64657939, 34678.08596949,
           34952.46434901, 35228.53161871, 35506.03702845, 35784.73038678,
           36064.36077272, 36344.67833413, 36625.43397114, 36906.38002846,
           37187.27052549, 37467.86123988, 37747.91074114, 38027.18003385,
           38305.43319013, 38582.43709407, 38857.96187529, 39131.78027805,
           39403.66844511, 39673.40501375, 39940.77107241, 40205.55035918])

  • Radius
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    6.878e+06 6.878e+06 ... 6.868e+06

    units :

    m

    description :

    Position in ITRF - Radius

    array([6878309.23, 6878381.18, 6878452.06, 6878521.88, 6878590.62,
           6878658.28, 6878724.85, 6878790.33, 6878854.71, 6878917.98,
           6878980.14, 6879041.19, 6879101.13, 6879159.94, 6879217.64,
           6879274.21, 6879329.65, 6879383.96, 6879437.15, 6879489.2 ,
           6879540.13, 6879589.92, 6879638.58, 6879686.12, 6879732.52,
           6879777.8 , 6879821.96, 6879864.99, 6879906.9 , 6879947.69,
           6879987.37, 6880025.93, 6880063.39, 6880099.75, 6880135.01,
           6880169.17, 6880202.25, 6880234.24, 6880265.16, 6880295.  ,
           6880323.78, 6880351.5 , 6880378.17, 6880403.8 , 6880428.39,
           6880451.95, 6880474.49, 6880496.01, 6880516.54, 6880536.07,
           6880554.61, 6880572.18, 6880588.78, 6880604.42, 6880619.12,
           6880632.88, 6880645.71, 6880657.63, 6880668.64, 6880678.76,
           6880687.99, 6880696.36, 6880703.86, 6880710.51, 6880716.33,
           6880721.32, 6880725.5 , 6880728.88, 6880731.47, 6880733.28,
           6880734.34, 6880734.64, 6880734.21, 6880733.05, 6880731.18,
           6880728.61, 6880725.36, 6880721.44, 6880716.86, 6880711.63,
           6880705.78, 6880699.3 , 6880692.23, 6880684.56, 6880676.31,
           6880667.5 , 6880658.14, 6880648.24, 6880637.81, 6880626.88,
           6880615.45, 6880603.54, 6880591.15, 6880578.3 , 6880565.02,
           6880551.29, 6880537.16, 6880522.61, 6880507.67, 6880492.36,
    ...
           6875648.21, 6875587.21, 6875525.54, 6875463.21, 6875400.22,
           6875336.57, 6875272.26, 6875207.3 , 6875141.68, 6875075.42,
           6875008.52, 6874940.98, 6874872.8 , 6874804.  , 6874734.58,
           6874664.55, 6874593.9 , 6874522.66, 6874450.83, 6874378.4 ,
           6874305.41, 6874231.84, 6874157.71, 6874083.03, 6874007.82,
           6873932.07, 6873855.8 , 6873779.02, 6873701.74, 6873623.97,
           6873545.73, 6873467.02, 6873387.86, 6873308.26, 6873228.24,
           6873147.8 , 6873066.96, 6872985.74, 6872904.15, 6872822.2 ,
           6872739.91, 6872657.3 , 6872574.37, 6872491.16, 6872407.66,
           6872323.9 , 6872239.9 , 6872155.67, 6872071.23, 6871986.6 ,
           6871901.79, 6871816.82, 6871731.71, 6871646.48, 6871561.14,
           6871475.72, 6871390.23, 6871304.7 , 6871219.15, 6871133.59,
           6871048.04, 6870962.54, 6870877.08, 6870791.71, 6870706.43,
           6870621.28, 6870536.27, 6870451.42, 6870366.75, 6870282.3 ,
           6870198.07, 6870114.09, 6870030.39, 6869946.98, 6869863.89,
           6869781.14, 6869698.75, 6869616.75, 6869535.15, 6869453.98,
           6869373.26, 6869293.01, 6869213.27, 6869134.03, 6869055.34,
           6868977.21, 6868899.67, 6868822.73, 6868746.41, 6868670.75,
           6868595.76, 6868521.47, 6868447.89, 6868375.05, 6868302.96,
           6868231.66, 6868161.16, 6868091.48, 6868022.65, 6867954.68])

  • F_CHAOS-Core
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    2.287e+04 2.282e+04 ... 4.02e+04

    units :

    nT

    description :

    Magnetic field intensity, calculated by the CHAOS-Core spherical harmonic model

    array([22874.62785297, 22821.3521806 , 22769.77435422, 22719.63799021,
           22670.69914186, 22622.72723423, 22575.50655729, 22528.83713724,
           22482.53575993, 22436.43649798, 22390.39106795, 22344.26919208,
           22297.95872743, 22251.36573999, 22204.41368306, 22157.04387757,
           22109.21440322, 22060.89969553, 22012.08979946, 21962.78999912,
           21913.01928199, 21862.81035284, 21812.20799547, 21761.26851039,
           21710.05909215, 21658.65629031, 21607.14569469, 21555.62107942,
           21504.18321344, 21452.93952253, 21402.00315218, 21351.49259053,
           21301.53071526, 21252.24466664, 21203.76530508, 21156.22671447,
           21109.7658767 , 21064.52275558, 21020.63963505, 20978.26150359,
           20937.53551578, 20898.61138899, 20861.641169  , 20826.77944246,
           20794.18349943, 20764.01330188, 20736.43177218, 20711.60499906,
           20689.70213498, 20670.89606173, 20655.36310196, 20643.28321131,
           20634.84027679, 20630.22193333, 20629.6195559 , 20633.22839328,
           20641.24719562, 20653.87802602, 20671.32614781, 20693.79938421,
           20721.5079339 , 20754.66348897, 20793.47908895, 20838.16792453,
           20888.94279952, 20946.01536165, 21009.594947  , 21079.88777433,
           21157.09584258, 21241.41584976, 21333.03795326, 21432.14499919,
           21538.91078691, 21653.49946769, 21776.06391686, 21906.74489895,
           22045.6697799 , 22192.95151692, 22348.68777291, 22512.95975262,
    ...
           29753.54404131, 29567.13362979, 29389.77501975, 29221.69106029,
           29063.08999522, 28914.1655467 , 28775.09582626, 28646.04347188,
           28527.1552864 , 28418.5619893 , 28320.37781386, 28232.70075595,
           28155.61184428, 28089.17544895, 28033.43890903, 27988.43278382,
           27954.17045522, 27930.64828688, 27917.84586948, 27915.7260018 ,
           27924.23477721, 27943.30189532, 27972.84125626, 28012.75056985,
           28062.91290236, 28123.19613223, 28193.4540989 , 28273.52733912,
           28363.2434799 , 28462.41829052, 28570.85654333, 28688.35279132,
           28814.69241773, 28949.65256413, 29093.00337747, 29244.50855573,
           29403.92687778, 29571.01269685, 29745.51719709, 29927.1892341 ,
           30115.7760037 , 30311.02343139, 30512.67786576, 30720.48504137,
           30934.19189735, 31153.54580243, 31378.29551942, 31608.19095086,
           31842.98303371, 32082.42356204, 32326.26581677, 32574.26328469,
           32826.17006887, 33081.74068593, 33340.72936911, 33602.89035418,
           33867.97738266, 34135.74351283, 34405.94137019, 34678.32274693,
           34952.63893075, 35228.64061198, 35506.07793908, 35784.70169542,
           36064.26197232, 36344.50992441, 36625.19740738, 36906.07762369,
           37186.90530738, 37467.4367656 , 37747.43087574, 38026.64869961,
           38304.85409611, 38581.81345665, 38857.2961417 , 39131.07386536,
           39402.92150752, 39672.61625052, 39939.93758785, 40204.66758464])

  • F
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    2.287e+04 2.281e+04 ... 4.021e+04

    units :

    nT

    description :

    Magnetic field intensity

    array([22867.48  , 22814.4928, 22763.1833, 22713.2926, 22664.6401,
           22616.981 , 22570.0902, 22523.7412, 22477.8273, 22431.8837,
           22386.1082, 22340.259 , 22294.2376, 22247.9259, 22201.2616,
           22154.1974, 22106.6763, 22058.6843, 22010.1957, 21961.2106,
           21911.7308, 21861.8112, 21811.4803, 21760.8121, 21709.8413,
           21658.6641, 21607.3722, 21556.0581, 21504.8344, 21453.7973,
           21403.0866, 21352.8112, 21303.0841, 21254.0392, 21205.8074,
           21158.5097, 21112.2957, 21067.2896, 21023.6259, 20981.4687,
           20940.9486, 20902.2263, 20865.4504, 20830.7853, 20798.3563,
           20768.351 , 20740.9447, 20716.2807, 20694.5331, 20675.8817,
           20660.5088, 20648.5955, 20640.3487, 20635.9422, 20635.553 ,
           20639.3701, 20647.5942, 20660.4089, 20678.0156, 20700.6294,
           20728.4632, 20761.7408, 20800.6806, 20845.5159, 20896.4612,
           20953.7202, 21017.5213, 21088.0509, 21165.5046, 21250.0801,
           21341.9487, 21441.3026, 21548.2969, 21663.0908, 21785.8488,
           21916.694 , 22055.7687, 22203.1876, 22359.0756, 22523.4809,
           22696.4748, 22878.1026, 23068.3912, 23267.2875, 23474.8191,
           23690.9183, 23915.5855, 24148.7173, 24390.2364, 24640.0689,
           24898.0557, 25164.0728, 25438.0294, 25719.8477, 26009.3117,
           26306.3028, 26610.5514, 26921.883 , 27240.0086, 27564.4736,
    ...
           34918.218 , 34614.28  , 34313.0986, 34014.9786, 33720.2617,
           33429.2172, 33142.1549, 32859.3547, 32581.1846, 32308.0043,
           32040.1895, 31778.161 , 31522.4024, 31273.3331, 31031.3344,
           30796.7383, 30569.7476, 30350.5639, 30139.3461, 29936.3048,
           29741.6012, 29555.5005, 29378.1374, 29209.6813, 29050.3407,
           28900.3185, 28759.7337, 28628.8479, 28507.9192, 28397.2353,
           28297.0672, 28207.7394, 28129.598 , 28062.9408, 28007.9166,
           27964.5242, 27932.6141, 27911.8936, 27902.0391, 27902.7298,
           27913.7127, 27934.81  , 27965.8664, 28006.8241, 28057.6229,
           28118.2251, 28188.5707, 28268.5615, 28358.1156, 28457.1152,
           28565.386 , 28682.7183, 28808.8774, 28943.6009, 29086.7143,
           29238.0311, 29397.3284, 29564.3195, 29738.7628, 29920.4256,
           30109.0907, 30304.4719, 30506.3303, 30714.4171, 30928.4058,
           31148.031 , 31372.9719, 31603.0024, 31837.8207, 32077.2016,
           32320.914 , 32568.7454, 32820.4338, 33075.8282, 33334.7721,
           33597.0544, 33862.3692, 34130.4565, 34401.0478, 34673.8957,
           34948.6925, 35225.2049, 35503.182 , 35782.3348, 36062.4514,
           36343.3008, 36624.6366, 36906.1407, 37187.551 , 37468.5674,
           37748.9645, 38028.4886, 38306.9624, 38584.1935, 38860.0058,
           39134.1305, 39406.3438, 39676.3845, 39943.8931, 40208.6267])

  • B_NEC_CHAOS-Core
    (Timestamp, NEC)
    float64
    2.011e+04 -4.127e+03 ... 3.558e+04

    units :

    nT

    description :

    Magnetic field vector, NEC frame, calculated by the CHAOS-Core spherical harmonic model

    array([[ 20113.75320347,  -4127.38067364, -10082.17537324],
           [ 19825.26548348,  -4163.03327457, -10509.14448542],
           [ 19533.6324312 ,  -4197.42433428, -10921.60506258],
           ...,
           [ 19127.70169459,  -1776.11056788,  34711.56780231],
           [ 18887.41347101,  -1793.46662885,  35146.09088288],
           [ 18643.0850578 ,  -1808.26337289,  35575.00328452]])

  • Latitude
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    -1.229 -1.863 ... 48.14 48.77

    units :

    deg

    description :

    Position in ITRF - Latitude

    array([ -1.2289378,  -1.8625209,  -2.4960899,  -3.1296444,  -3.7631844,
            -4.3967096,  -5.03022  ,  -5.6637153,  -6.2971954,  -6.9306601,
            -7.5641093,  -8.1975429,  -8.8309607,  -9.4643624, -10.097748 ,
           -10.7311174, -11.3644703, -11.9978066, -12.6311262, -13.2644288,
           -13.8977144, -14.5309828, -15.1642339, -15.7974674, -16.4306832,
           -17.0638811, -17.6970611, -18.3302228, -18.9633662, -19.5964911,
           -20.2295972, -20.8626845, -21.4957527, -22.1288017, -22.7618311,
           -23.394841 , -24.027831 , -24.6608009, -25.2937505, -25.9266797,
           -26.5595881, -27.1924756, -27.8253419, -28.4581867, -29.0910097,
           -29.7238108, -30.3565896, -30.9893458, -31.6220792, -32.2547893,
           -32.8874759, -33.5201386, -34.1527771, -34.7853909, -35.4179797,
           -36.0505431, -36.6830805, -37.3155916, -37.9480759, -38.5805328,
           -39.2129618, -39.8453623, -40.4777338, -41.1100755, -41.7423869,
           -42.3746672, -43.0069157, -43.6391316, -44.271314 , -44.903462 ,
           -45.5355747, -46.1676512, -46.7996902, -47.4316908, -48.0636516,
           -48.6955714, -49.3274489, -49.9592824, -50.5910706, -51.2228116,
           -51.8545038, -52.4861451, -53.1177335, -53.7492668, -54.3807426,
           -55.0121584, -55.6435114, -56.2747985, -56.9060167, -57.5371623,
           -58.1682317, -58.7992208, -59.4301252, -60.06094  , -60.69166  ,
           -61.3222795, -61.9527922, -62.5831914, -63.2134696, -63.8436184,
    ...
           -14.0397279, -13.4057211, -12.7716953, -12.1376508, -11.5035876,
           -10.8695063, -10.2354069,  -9.6012897,  -8.967155 ,  -8.333003 ,
            -7.6988341,  -7.0646483,  -6.4304461,  -5.7962276,  -5.161993 ,
            -4.5277427,  -3.8934769,  -3.2591959,  -2.6248998,  -1.990589 ,
            -1.3562637,  -0.7219241,  -0.0875706,   0.5467966,   1.1811773,
             1.8155712,   2.449978 ,   3.0843975,   3.7188294,   4.3532734,
             4.9877293,   5.6221967,   6.2566755,   6.8911653,   7.5256657,
             8.1601767,   8.7946978,   9.4292288,  10.0637693,  10.6983191,
            11.3328779,  11.9674454,  12.6020212,  13.2366051,  13.8711967,
            14.5057958,  15.1404019,  15.7750149,  16.4096342,  17.0442597,
            17.6788909,  18.3135275,  18.9481692,  19.5828155,  20.2174661,
            20.8521207,  21.4867788,  22.1214401,  22.7561042,  23.3907706,
            24.025439 ,  24.6601089,  25.2947799,  25.9294516,  26.5641235,
            27.1987952,  27.8334661,  28.4681359,  29.102804 ,  29.7374699,
            30.3721332,  31.0067932,  31.6414495,  32.2761015,  32.9107485,
            33.5453901,  34.1800256,  34.8146544,  35.4492757,  36.083889 ,
            36.7184936,  37.3530887,  37.9876736,  38.6222475,  39.2568096,
            39.891359 ,  40.525895 ,  41.1604165,  41.7949226,  42.4294124,
            43.0638848,  43.6983388,  44.3327731,  44.9671867,  45.6015782,
            46.2359464,  46.87029  ,  47.5046074,  48.1388971,  48.7731577])

• Indexes: (2)
  • Timestamp
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(DatetimeIndex(['2014-01-01 00:00:00', '2014-01-01 00:00:10',
                   '2014-01-01 00:00:20', '2014-01-01 00:00:30',
                   '2014-01-01 00:00:40', '2014-01-01 00:00:50',
                   '2014-01-01 00:01:00', '2014-01-01 00:01:10',
                   '2014-01-01 00:01:20', '2014-01-01 00:01:30',
                   ...
                   '2014-01-01 00:58:20', '2014-01-01 00:58:30',
                   '2014-01-01 00:58:40', '2014-01-01 00:58:50',
                   '2014-01-01 00:59:00', '2014-01-01 00:59:10',
                   '2014-01-01 00:59:20', '2014-01-01 00:59:30',
                   '2014-01-01 00:59:40', '2014-01-01 00:59:50'],
                  dtype='datetime64[ns]', name='Timestamp', length=360, freq=None))

  • NEC
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(Index(['N', 'E', 'C'], dtype='object', name='NEC'))

• Attributes: (3)

  Sources :

  ['SW_OPER_MAGA_LR_1B_20140101T000000_20140101T235959_0701_MDR_MAG_LR', 'SW_OPER_MCO_SHA_2D_20131126T000000_20180101T000000_0401', 'SW_OPER_MCO_SHA_2X_19970101T000000_20260807T235959_0806']

  MagneticModels :

  ["CHAOS-Core = 'CHAOS-Core'(max_degree=20,min_degree=1)", 'MCO_SHA_2D = MCO_SHA_2D(max_degree=20,min_degree=1)']

  AppliedFilters :

  []

Fetch the residuals directly

Adding residuals=True to .set_products() will instead directly evaluate and return all data-model residuals

request = SwarmRequest()
request.set_collection("SW_OPER_MAGA_LR_1B")
request.set_products(
    measurements=["F", "B_NEC"],
    models=["CHAOS-Core", "MCO_SHA_2D"],
    residuals=True,
    sampling_step="PT10S",
)
data = request.get_between(
    start_time=dt.datetime(2014, 1, 1, 0), end_time=dt.datetime(2014, 1, 1, 1)
)
df = data.as_dataframe(expand=True)
df.head()

	Longitude	Radius	F_res_CHAOS-Core	F_res_MCO_SHA_2D	Spacecraft	Latitude	B_NEC_res_MCO_SHA_2D_N	B_NEC_res_MCO_SHA_2D_E	B_NEC_res_MCO_SHA_2D_C	B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core_N	B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core_E	B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core_C
Timestamp
2014-01-01 00:00:00	-14.116674	6878309.23	-7.147853	-6.731386	A	-1.228938	-10.128390	1.861042	-5.418643	-10.257803	1.777774	-4.697827
2014-01-01 00:00:10	-14.131424	6878381.18	-6.859381	-6.448511	A	-1.862521	-10.133359	2.761229	-5.935829	-10.237083	2.666975	-5.201915
2014-01-01 00:00:20	-14.146155	6878452.06	-6.591054	-6.185747	A	-2.496090	-10.148423	2.920733	-6.077901	-10.227031	2.816034	-5.333237
2014-01-01 00:00:30	-14.160861	6878521.88	-6.345390	-5.945527	A	-3.129644	-10.166893	2.737098	-6.044518	-10.221031	2.622446	-5.291090
2014-01-01 00:00:40	-14.175534	6878590.62	-6.059042	-5.664468	A	-3.763184	-10.269466	2.142413	-6.129389	-10.299782	2.018228	-5.368839

Plot the scalar residuals

… using the pandas method:

ax = df.plot(y=["F_res_CHAOS-Core", "F_res_MCO_SHA_2D"], figsize=(15, 5), grid=True)
ax.set_xlabel("Timestamp")
ax.set_ylabel("[nT]");

… using matplotlib interface

NB: we are doing plt.plot(x, y) with x as df.index (the time-based index of df), and y as df[".."]

plt.figure(figsize=(15, 5))
plt.plot(df.index, df["F_res_CHAOS-Core"], label="F_res_CHAOS-Core")
plt.plot(df.index, df["F_res_MCO_SHA_2D"], label="F_res_MCO_SHA_2D")
plt.xlabel("Timestamp")
plt.ylabel("[nT]")
plt.grid()
plt.legend();

… using matplotlib interface (Object Oriented style)

This is the recommended route for making more complicated figures

fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(15, 5))
ax.plot(df.index, df["F_res_CHAOS-Core"], label="F_res_CHAOS-Core")
ax.plot(df.index, df["F_res_MCO_SHA_2D"], label="F_res_MCO_SHA_2D")
ax.set_xlabel("Timestamp")
ax.set_ylabel("[nT]")
ax.grid()
ax.legend();

Plot the vector components

fig, axes = plt.subplots(nrows=3, ncols=1, figsize=(15, 10), sharex=True)
for component, ax in zip("NEC", axes):
    for model_name in ("CHAOS-Core", "MCO_SHA_2D"):
        ax.plot(df.index, df[f"B_NEC_res_{model_name}_{component}"], label=model_name)
    ax.set_ylabel(f"{component}\n[nT]")
    ax.legend()
axes[0].set_title("Residuals to models (NEC components)")
axes[2].set_xlabel("Timestamp");

Similar plotting, using the data via xarray instead

xarray provides a more sophisticated data structure that is more suitable for the complex vector data we are accessing, together with nice stuff like unit and other metadata support. Unfortunately due to the extra complexity, this can make it difficult to use right away.

ds = data.as_xarray()
ds

<xarray.Dataset>
Dimensions:               (Timestamp: 360, NEC: 3)
Coordinates:
  * Timestamp             (Timestamp) datetime64[ns] 2014-01-01 ... 2014-01-0...
  * NEC                   (NEC) <U1 'N' 'E' 'C'
Data variables:
    Spacecraft            (Timestamp) object 'A' 'A' 'A' 'A' ... 'A' 'A' 'A' 'A'
    Longitude             (Timestamp) float64 -14.12 -14.13 ... 153.6 153.6
    Radius                (Timestamp) float64 6.878e+06 6.878e+06 ... 6.868e+06
    F_res_CHAOS-Core      (Timestamp) float64 -7.148 -6.859 ... 3.956 3.959
    B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core  (Timestamp, NEC) float64 -10.26 1.778 ... 3.799 8.894
    F_res_MCO_SHA_2D      (Timestamp) float64 -6.731 -6.449 ... 3.122 3.076
    B_NEC_res_MCO_SHA_2D  (Timestamp, NEC) float64 -10.13 1.861 ... 3.677 9.109
    Latitude              (Timestamp) float64 -1.229 -1.863 ... 48.14 48.77
Attributes:
    Sources:         ['SW_OPER_MAGA_LR_1B_20140101T000000_20140101T235959_070...
    MagneticModels:  ["CHAOS-Core = 'CHAOS-Core'(max_degree=20,min_degree=1)"...
    AppliedFilters:  []

xarray.Dataset

• Dimensions:
  • Timestamp: 360
  • NEC: 3
• Coordinates: (2)
  • Timestamp
    (Timestamp)
    datetime64[ns]
    2014-01-01 ... 2014-01-01T00:59:50

    description :

    Time stamp

    array(['2014-01-01T00:00:00.000000000', '2014-01-01T00:00:10.000000000',
           '2014-01-01T00:00:20.000000000', ..., '2014-01-01T00:59:30.000000000',
           '2014-01-01T00:59:40.000000000', '2014-01-01T00:59:50.000000000'],
          dtype='datetime64[ns]')

  • NEC
    (NEC)
    <U1
    'N' 'E' 'C'

    units :

    description :

    NEC frame - North, East, Centre (down)

    array(['N', 'E', 'C'], dtype='<U1')

• Data variables: (8)
  • Spacecraft
    (Timestamp)
    object
    'A' 'A' 'A' 'A' ... 'A' 'A' 'A' 'A'

    units :

    -

    description :

    Spacecraft identifier (values: 'A', 'B', 'C' or '-' if not available).

    array(['A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A'], dtype=object)

  • Longitude
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    -14.12 -14.13 ... 153.6 153.6

    units :

    deg

    description :

    Position in ITRF - Longitude

    array([-14.1166743, -14.1314243, -14.1461554, -14.1608609, -14.1755342,
           -14.1901685, -14.2047571, -14.2192932, -14.2337699, -14.2481804,
           -14.2625177, -14.2767748, -14.2909444, -14.3050195, -14.3189927,
           -14.3328566, -14.3466037, -14.3602264, -14.3737168, -14.3870671,
           -14.4002693, -14.4133151, -14.4261961, -14.4389038, -14.4514295,
           -14.4637642, -14.4758988, -14.4878238, -14.4995298, -14.5110068,
           -14.5222447, -14.5332332, -14.5439615, -14.5544187, -14.5645933,
           -14.5744739, -14.5840483, -14.5933041, -14.6022285, -14.6108083,
           -14.6190299, -14.6268789, -14.6343409, -14.6414006, -14.6480422,
           -14.6542495, -14.6600055, -14.6652927, -14.6700926, -14.6743864,
           -14.6781542, -14.6813754, -14.6840285, -14.6860912, -14.6875401,
           -14.6883507, -14.6884977, -14.6879543, -14.6866927, -14.6846837,
           -14.6818967, -14.6782997, -14.673859 , -14.6685394, -14.6623038,
           -14.6551131, -14.6469263, -14.6377003, -14.6273894, -14.6159457,
           -14.6033184, -14.589454 , -14.5742958, -14.557784 , -14.539855 ,
           -14.5204415, -14.4994721, -14.476871 , -14.4525575, -14.4264457,
           -14.3984442, -14.3684554, -14.3363752, -14.3020922, -14.2654873,
           -14.2264328, -14.1847917, -14.1404169, -14.0931501, -14.0428207,
           -13.989245 , -13.9322242, -13.8715433, -13.8069696, -13.73825  ,
           -13.6651097, -13.5872493, -13.5043418, -13.41603  , -13.3219222,
    ...
           154.3456616, 154.3325292, 154.3192466, 154.3058218, 154.2922629,
           154.2785777, 154.2647737, 154.2508587, 154.23684  , 154.222725 ,
           154.2085209, 154.1942349, 154.1798741, 154.1654455, 154.1509559,
           154.1364123, 154.1218215, 154.1071902, 154.0925253, 154.0778333,
           154.063121 , 154.048395 , 154.033662 , 154.0189287, 154.0042015,
           153.9894873, 153.9747926, 153.9601241, 153.9454886, 153.9308927,
           153.9163432, 153.901847 , 153.8874109, 153.8730419, 153.8587469,
           153.8445331, 153.8304075, 153.8163774, 153.8024502, 153.7886334,
           153.7749344, 153.761361 , 153.7479209, 153.7346221, 153.7214728,
           153.7084812, 153.6956557, 153.6830049, 153.6705376, 153.6582628,
           153.6461898, 153.634328 , 153.622687 , 153.6112768, 153.6001075,
           153.5891898, 153.5785343, 153.5681521, 153.5580546, 153.5482537,
           153.5387614, 153.5295904, 153.5207534, 153.5122638, 153.5041356,
           153.496383 , 153.4890208, 153.4820643, 153.4755295, 153.4694328,
           153.4637914, 153.4586231, 153.4539463, 153.4497804, 153.4461453,
           153.443062 , 153.4405521, 153.4386383, 153.4373443, 153.4366949,
           153.4367157, 153.4374339, 153.4388777, 153.4410767, 153.4440618,
           153.4478657, 153.4525224, 153.4580678, 153.4645395, 153.4719771,
           153.4804224, 153.4899192, 153.5005138, 153.5122551, 153.5251946,
           153.5393868, 153.5548894, 153.5717634, 153.5900733, 153.6098879])

  • Radius
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    6.878e+06 6.878e+06 ... 6.868e+06

    units :

    m

    description :

    Position in ITRF - Radius

    array([6878309.23, 6878381.18, 6878452.06, 6878521.88, 6878590.62,
           6878658.28, 6878724.85, 6878790.33, 6878854.71, 6878917.98,
           6878980.14, 6879041.19, 6879101.13, 6879159.94, 6879217.64,
           6879274.21, 6879329.65, 6879383.96, 6879437.15, 6879489.2 ,
           6879540.13, 6879589.92, 6879638.58, 6879686.12, 6879732.52,
           6879777.8 , 6879821.96, 6879864.99, 6879906.9 , 6879947.69,
           6879987.37, 6880025.93, 6880063.39, 6880099.75, 6880135.01,
           6880169.17, 6880202.25, 6880234.24, 6880265.16, 6880295.  ,
           6880323.78, 6880351.5 , 6880378.17, 6880403.8 , 6880428.39,
           6880451.95, 6880474.49, 6880496.01, 6880516.54, 6880536.07,
           6880554.61, 6880572.18, 6880588.78, 6880604.42, 6880619.12,
           6880632.88, 6880645.71, 6880657.63, 6880668.64, 6880678.76,
           6880687.99, 6880696.36, 6880703.86, 6880710.51, 6880716.33,
           6880721.32, 6880725.5 , 6880728.88, 6880731.47, 6880733.28,
           6880734.34, 6880734.64, 6880734.21, 6880733.05, 6880731.18,
           6880728.61, 6880725.36, 6880721.44, 6880716.86, 6880711.63,
           6880705.78, 6880699.3 , 6880692.23, 6880684.56, 6880676.31,
           6880667.5 , 6880658.14, 6880648.24, 6880637.81, 6880626.88,
           6880615.45, 6880603.54, 6880591.15, 6880578.3 , 6880565.02,
           6880551.29, 6880537.16, 6880522.61, 6880507.67, 6880492.36,
    ...
           6875648.21, 6875587.21, 6875525.54, 6875463.21, 6875400.22,
           6875336.57, 6875272.26, 6875207.3 , 6875141.68, 6875075.42,
           6875008.52, 6874940.98, 6874872.8 , 6874804.  , 6874734.58,
           6874664.55, 6874593.9 , 6874522.66, 6874450.83, 6874378.4 ,
           6874305.41, 6874231.84, 6874157.71, 6874083.03, 6874007.82,
           6873932.07, 6873855.8 , 6873779.02, 6873701.74, 6873623.97,
           6873545.73, 6873467.02, 6873387.86, 6873308.26, 6873228.24,
           6873147.8 , 6873066.96, 6872985.74, 6872904.15, 6872822.2 ,
           6872739.91, 6872657.3 , 6872574.37, 6872491.16, 6872407.66,
           6872323.9 , 6872239.9 , 6872155.67, 6872071.23, 6871986.6 ,
           6871901.79, 6871816.82, 6871731.71, 6871646.48, 6871561.14,
           6871475.72, 6871390.23, 6871304.7 , 6871219.15, 6871133.59,
           6871048.04, 6870962.54, 6870877.08, 6870791.71, 6870706.43,
           6870621.28, 6870536.27, 6870451.42, 6870366.75, 6870282.3 ,
           6870198.07, 6870114.09, 6870030.39, 6869946.98, 6869863.89,
           6869781.14, 6869698.75, 6869616.75, 6869535.15, 6869453.98,
           6869373.26, 6869293.01, 6869213.27, 6869134.03, 6869055.34,
           6868977.21, 6868899.67, 6868822.73, 6868746.41, 6868670.75,
           6868595.76, 6868521.47, 6868447.89, 6868375.05, 6868302.96,
           6868231.66, 6868161.16, 6868091.48, 6868022.65, 6867954.68])

  • F_res_CHAOS-Core
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    -7.148 -6.859 ... 3.956 3.959

    units :

    nT

    description :

    Magnetic field intensity residual, calculated as a difference of the measurement and value of the CHAOS-Core spherical harmonic model

    array([-7.14785297e+00, -6.85938060e+00, -6.59105422e+00, -6.34539021e+00,
           -6.05904186e+00, -5.74623423e+00, -5.41635729e+00, -5.09593724e+00,
           -4.70845993e+00, -4.55279798e+00, -4.28286795e+00, -4.01019208e+00,
           -3.72112743e+00, -3.43983999e+00, -3.15208306e+00, -2.84647757e+00,
           -2.53810322e+00, -2.21539553e+00, -1.89409946e+00, -1.57939912e+00,
           -1.28848199e+00, -9.99152839e-01, -7.27695471e-01, -4.56410387e-01,
           -2.17792150e-01,  7.80969081e-03,  2.26505310e-01,  4.37020577e-01,
            6.51186557e-01,  8.57777471e-01,  1.08344782e+00,  1.31860947e+00,
            1.55338474e+00,  1.79453336e+00,  2.04209492e+00,  2.28298553e+00,
            2.52982330e+00,  2.76684442e+00,  2.98626495e+00,  3.20719641e+00,
            3.41308422e+00,  3.61491101e+00,  3.80923100e+00,  4.00585754e+00,
            4.17280057e+00,  4.33769812e+00,  4.51292782e+00,  4.67570094e+00,
            4.83096502e+00,  4.98563827e+00,  5.14569804e+00,  5.31228869e+00,
            5.50842321e+00,  5.72026667e+00,  5.93344410e+00,  6.14170672e+00,
            6.34700438e+00,  6.53087398e+00,  6.68945219e+00,  6.83001579e+00,
            6.95526610e+00,  7.07731103e+00,  7.20151105e+00,  7.34797547e+00,
            7.51840048e+00,  7.70483835e+00,  7.92635300e+00,  8.16312567e+00,
            8.40875742e+00,  8.66425024e+00,  8.91074674e+00,  9.15760081e+00,
            9.38611309e+00,  9.59133231e+00,  9.78488314e+00,  9.94910105e+00,
            1.00989201e+01,  1.02360831e+01,  1.03878271e+01,  1.05211474e+01,
    ...
           -1.19428413e+01, -1.16331298e+01, -1.16376198e+01, -1.20097603e+01,
           -1.27492952e+01, -1.38470467e+01, -1.53621263e+01, -1.71955719e+01,
           -1.92360864e+01, -2.13266893e+01, -2.33106139e+01, -2.49613560e+01,
           -2.60138443e+01, -2.62346490e+01, -2.55223090e+01, -2.39085838e+01,
           -2.15563552e+01, -1.87546869e+01, -1.58067695e+01, -1.29962018e+01,
           -1.05220772e+01, -8.49189532e+00, -6.97485626e+00, -5.92646985e+00,
           -5.29000236e+00, -4.97103223e+00, -4.88339890e+00, -4.96583912e+00,
           -5.12787990e+00, -5.30309052e+00, -5.47054333e+00, -5.63449132e+00,
           -5.81501773e+00, -6.05166413e+00, -6.28907747e+00, -6.47745573e+00,
           -6.59847778e+00, -6.69319685e+00, -6.75439709e+00, -6.76363410e+00,
           -6.68530370e+00, -6.55153139e+00, -6.34756576e+00, -6.06794137e+00,
           -5.78609735e+00, -5.51480243e+00, -5.32361942e+00, -5.18855086e+00,
           -5.16233371e+00, -5.22196204e+00, -5.35181677e+00, -5.51788469e+00,
           -5.73626887e+00, -5.91248593e+00, -5.95726911e+00, -5.83595418e+00,
           -5.60818266e+00, -5.28701283e+00, -4.89357019e+00, -4.42704693e+00,
           -3.94643075e+00, -3.43571198e+00, -2.89593908e+00, -2.36689542e+00,
           -1.81057232e+00, -1.20912441e+00, -5.60807385e-01,  6.30763103e-02,
            6.45692622e-01,  1.13063440e+00,  1.53362426e+00,  1.83990039e+00,
            2.10830389e+00,  2.38004335e+00,  2.70965830e+00,  3.05663464e+00,
            3.42229248e+00,  3.76824948e+00,  3.95551215e+00,  3.95911536e+00])

  • B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core
    (Timestamp, NEC)
    float64
    -10.26 1.778 -4.698 ... 3.799 8.894

    units :

    nT

    description :

    Magnetic field vector residual, NEC frame, calculated as a difference of the measurement and value of the CHAOS-Core spherical harmonic model

    array([[-10.25780347,   1.77777364,  -4.69782676],
           [-10.23708348,   2.66697457,  -5.20191458],
           [-10.2270312 ,   2.81603428,  -5.33323742],
           ...,
           [ -5.54629459,   4.26706788,   7.59139769],
           [ -7.69087101,   4.22672885,   8.84381712],
           [ -8.0173578 ,   3.79947289,   8.89351548]])

  • F_res_MCO_SHA_2D
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    -6.731 -6.449 ... 3.122 3.076

    units :

    nT

    description :

    Magnetic field intensity residual, calculated as a difference of the measurement and value of the MCO_SHA_2D spherical harmonic model

    array([ -6.73138616,  -6.44851132,  -6.18574716,  -5.94552689,
            -5.66446813,  -5.35680792,  -5.03199399,  -4.71665223,
            -4.33440451,  -4.18428846,  -3.92040622,  -3.65447663,
            -3.37305434,  -3.10049378,  -2.82271774,  -2.52848855,
            -2.2329914 ,  -1.92472499,  -1.61945049,  -1.32231883,
            -1.0504344 ,  -0.78147082,  -0.53153649,  -0.28271799,
            -0.06726487,   0.13474079,   0.32968953,   0.5165906 ,
             0.7075515 ,   0.89160671,   1.09564642,   1.31028671,
             1.52581736,   1.74912555,   1.980337  ,   2.20641347,
             2.43998098,   2.66525043,   2.87438526,   3.08642394,
             3.28472596,   3.48018251,   3.66925796,   3.86168334,
             4.02539843,   4.18798601,   4.36178411,   4.52397854,
             4.67950182,   4.83526191,   4.99722302,   5.16650471,
             5.36607379,   5.58201787,   5.79984396,   6.01313654,
             6.22362376,   6.41256235,   6.57574974,   6.72006746,
             6.84777236,   6.97048918,   7.09307079,   7.23511188,
             7.39780712,   7.57274238,   7.77857323,   7.99515343,
             8.21585902,   8.44158861,   8.6535188 ,   8.86118606,
             9.04622816,   9.20418544,   9.34732246,   9.45875012,
             9.55429471,   9.63668359,   9.73420139,   9.81492098,
    ...
           -12.13029158, -11.79808251, -11.77998895, -12.12940888,
           -12.84602034, -13.92057109, -15.41209608, -17.22156135,
           -19.2376092 , -21.30321618, -23.26159594, -24.88625262,
           -25.91215437, -26.10594398, -25.36626664, -23.72502   ,
           -21.3452535 , -18.51622301, -15.54133007, -12.70439568,
           -10.20473863,  -8.15007831,  -6.60981988,  -5.53965455,
            -4.88299802,  -4.54553892,  -4.44118183,  -4.50867952,
            -4.65752409,  -4.82119944,  -4.97864514,  -5.13393957,
            -5.30695767,  -5.53700944,  -5.76849928,  -5.9513857 ,
            -6.06712589,  -6.1565846 ,  -6.21240543,  -6.21606522,
            -6.13195463,  -5.99227701,  -5.78244767,  -5.49725924,
            -5.21049806,  -4.93536296,  -4.74191857,  -4.60672575,
            -4.58311692,  -4.648696  ,  -4.78844284,  -4.96890537,
            -5.20668263,  -5.40769554,  -5.48296546,  -5.39797909,
            -5.21237525,  -4.93904529,  -4.59877939,  -4.19026949,
            -3.77184901,  -3.32671871,  -2.85502845,  -2.39558678,
            -1.90937272,  -1.37753413,  -0.79737114,  -0.23932846,
             0.28047451,   0.70616012,   1.05375886,   1.30856615,
             1.52920987,   1.75640593,   2.04392471,   2.35022195,
             2.67535489,   2.97948625,   3.12202759,   3.07634082])

  • B_NEC_res_MCO_SHA_2D
    (Timestamp, NEC)
    float64
    -10.13 1.861 -5.419 ... 3.677 9.109

    units :

    nT

    description :

    Magnetic field vector residual, NEC frame, calculated as a difference of the measurement and value of the MCO_SHA_2D spherical harmonic model

    array([[-10.12838973,   1.86104188,  -5.41864263],
           [-10.13335918,   2.76122932,  -5.93582886],
           [-10.14842342,   2.92073345,  -6.07790136],
           ...,
           [ -7.77779584,   4.11060044,   7.91162316],
           [ -9.96708635,   4.08978584,   9.11295616],
           [-10.34440832,   3.67735488,   9.10920826]])

  • Latitude
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    -1.229 -1.863 ... 48.14 48.77

    units :

    deg

    description :

    Position in ITRF - Latitude

    array([ -1.2289378,  -1.8625209,  -2.4960899,  -3.1296444,  -3.7631844,
            -4.3967096,  -5.03022  ,  -5.6637153,  -6.2971954,  -6.9306601,
            -7.5641093,  -8.1975429,  -8.8309607,  -9.4643624, -10.097748 ,
           -10.7311174, -11.3644703, -11.9978066, -12.6311262, -13.2644288,
           -13.8977144, -14.5309828, -15.1642339, -15.7974674, -16.4306832,
           -17.0638811, -17.6970611, -18.3302228, -18.9633662, -19.5964911,
           -20.2295972, -20.8626845, -21.4957527, -22.1288017, -22.7618311,
           -23.394841 , -24.027831 , -24.6608009, -25.2937505, -25.9266797,
           -26.5595881, -27.1924756, -27.8253419, -28.4581867, -29.0910097,
           -29.7238108, -30.3565896, -30.9893458, -31.6220792, -32.2547893,
           -32.8874759, -33.5201386, -34.1527771, -34.7853909, -35.4179797,
           -36.0505431, -36.6830805, -37.3155916, -37.9480759, -38.5805328,
           -39.2129618, -39.8453623, -40.4777338, -41.1100755, -41.7423869,
           -42.3746672, -43.0069157, -43.6391316, -44.271314 , -44.903462 ,
           -45.5355747, -46.1676512, -46.7996902, -47.4316908, -48.0636516,
           -48.6955714, -49.3274489, -49.9592824, -50.5910706, -51.2228116,
           -51.8545038, -52.4861451, -53.1177335, -53.7492668, -54.3807426,
           -55.0121584, -55.6435114, -56.2747985, -56.9060167, -57.5371623,
           -58.1682317, -58.7992208, -59.4301252, -60.06094  , -60.69166  ,
           -61.3222795, -61.9527922, -62.5831914, -63.2134696, -63.8436184,
    ...
           -14.0397279, -13.4057211, -12.7716953, -12.1376508, -11.5035876,
           -10.8695063, -10.2354069,  -9.6012897,  -8.967155 ,  -8.333003 ,
            -7.6988341,  -7.0646483,  -6.4304461,  -5.7962276,  -5.161993 ,
            -4.5277427,  -3.8934769,  -3.2591959,  -2.6248998,  -1.990589 ,
            -1.3562637,  -0.7219241,  -0.0875706,   0.5467966,   1.1811773,
             1.8155712,   2.449978 ,   3.0843975,   3.7188294,   4.3532734,
             4.9877293,   5.6221967,   6.2566755,   6.8911653,   7.5256657,
             8.1601767,   8.7946978,   9.4292288,  10.0637693,  10.6983191,
            11.3328779,  11.9674454,  12.6020212,  13.2366051,  13.8711967,
            14.5057958,  15.1404019,  15.7750149,  16.4096342,  17.0442597,
            17.6788909,  18.3135275,  18.9481692,  19.5828155,  20.2174661,
            20.8521207,  21.4867788,  22.1214401,  22.7561042,  23.3907706,
            24.025439 ,  24.6601089,  25.2947799,  25.9294516,  26.5641235,
            27.1987952,  27.8334661,  28.4681359,  29.102804 ,  29.7374699,
            30.3721332,  31.0067932,  31.6414495,  32.2761015,  32.9107485,
            33.5453901,  34.1800256,  34.8146544,  35.4492757,  36.083889 ,
            36.7184936,  37.3530887,  37.9876736,  38.6222475,  39.2568096,
            39.891359 ,  40.525895 ,  41.1604165,  41.7949226,  42.4294124,
            43.0638848,  43.6983388,  44.3327731,  44.9671867,  45.6015782,
            46.2359464,  46.87029  ,  47.5046074,  48.1388971,  48.7731577])

• Indexes: (2)
  • Timestamp
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(DatetimeIndex(['2014-01-01 00:00:00', '2014-01-01 00:00:10',
                   '2014-01-01 00:00:20', '2014-01-01 00:00:30',
                   '2014-01-01 00:00:40', '2014-01-01 00:00:50',
                   '2014-01-01 00:01:00', '2014-01-01 00:01:10',
                   '2014-01-01 00:01:20', '2014-01-01 00:01:30',
                   ...
                   '2014-01-01 00:58:20', '2014-01-01 00:58:30',
                   '2014-01-01 00:58:40', '2014-01-01 00:58:50',
                   '2014-01-01 00:59:00', '2014-01-01 00:59:10',
                   '2014-01-01 00:59:20', '2014-01-01 00:59:30',
                   '2014-01-01 00:59:40', '2014-01-01 00:59:50'],
                  dtype='datetime64[ns]', name='Timestamp', length=360, freq=None))

  • NEC
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(Index(['N', 'E', 'C'], dtype='object', name='NEC'))

• Attributes: (3)

  Sources :

  ['SW_OPER_MAGA_LR_1B_20140101T000000_20140101T235959_0701_MDR_MAG_LR', 'SW_OPER_MCO_SHA_2D_20131126T000000_20180101T000000_0401', 'SW_OPER_MCO_SHA_2X_19970101T000000_20260807T235959_0806']

  MagneticModels :

  ["CHAOS-Core = 'CHAOS-Core'(max_degree=20,min_degree=1)", 'MCO_SHA_2D = MCO_SHA_2D(max_degree=20,min_degree=1)']

  AppliedFilters :

  []

fig, axes = plt.subplots(nrows=3, ncols=1, figsize=(15, 10), sharex=True)
for i, ax in enumerate(axes):
    for model_name in ("CHAOS-Core", "MCO_SHA_2D"):
        ax.plot(ds["Timestamp"], ds[f"B_NEC_res_{model_name}"][:, i], label=model_name)
    ax.set_ylabel("NEC"[i] + " [nT]")
    ax.legend()
axes[0].set_title("Residuals to models (NEC components)")
axes[2].set_xlabel("Timestamp");

Note that xarray also allows convenient direct plotting like:

ds["B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core"].plot.line(x="Timestamp");

Access multiple MAG datasets simultaneously

It is possible to fetch data from multiple collections simultaneously. Here we fetch the measurements from Swarm Alpha and Bravo. In the returned data, you can differentiate between them using the “Spacecraft” column.

request = SwarmRequest()
request.set_collection("SW_OPER_MAGA_LR_1B", "SW_OPER_MAGC_LR_1B")
request.set_products(
    measurements=["F", "B_NEC"],
    models=[
        "CHAOS-Core",
    ],
    residuals=True,
    sampling_step="PT10S",
)
data = request.get_between(
    start_time=dt.datetime(2014, 1, 1, 0), end_time=dt.datetime(2014, 1, 1, 1)
)
df = data.as_dataframe(expand=True)
df.head()

	Longitude	Radius	F_res_CHAOS-Core	Spacecraft	Latitude	B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core_N	B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core_E	B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core_C
Timestamp
2014-01-01 00:00:00	-14.116674	6878309.23	-7.147853	A	-1.228938	-10.257803	1.777774	-4.697827
2014-01-01 00:00:10	-14.131424	6878381.18	-6.859381	A	-1.862521	-10.237083	2.666975	-5.201915
2014-01-01 00:00:20	-14.146155	6878452.06	-6.591054	A	-2.496090	-10.227031	2.816034	-5.333237
2014-01-01 00:00:30	-14.160861	6878521.88	-6.345390	A	-3.129644	-10.221031	2.622446	-5.291090
2014-01-01 00:00:40	-14.175534	6878590.62	-6.059042	A	-3.763184	-10.299782	2.018228	-5.368839

df[df["Spacecraft"] == "A"].head()

	Longitude	Radius	F_res_CHAOS-Core	Spacecraft	Latitude	B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core_N	B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core_E	B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core_C
Timestamp
2014-01-01 00:00:00	-14.116674	6878309.23	-7.147853	A	-1.228938	-10.257803	1.777774	-4.697827
2014-01-01 00:00:10	-14.131424	6878381.18	-6.859381	A	-1.862521	-10.237083	2.666975	-5.201915
2014-01-01 00:00:20	-14.146155	6878452.06	-6.591054	A	-2.496090	-10.227031	2.816034	-5.333237
2014-01-01 00:00:30	-14.160861	6878521.88	-6.345390	A	-3.129644	-10.221031	2.622446	-5.291090
2014-01-01 00:00:40	-14.175534	6878590.62	-6.059042	A	-3.763184	-10.299782	2.018228	-5.368839

df[df["Spacecraft"] == "C"].head()

	Longitude	Radius	F_res_CHAOS-Core	Spacecraft	Latitude	B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core_N	B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core_E	B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core_C
Timestamp
2014-01-01 00:00:00	-14.420068	6877665.96	-10.813034	C	5.908082	-10.930664	2.473100	-1.282855
2014-01-01 00:00:10	-14.434576	6877747.64	-10.412250	C	5.274386	-10.692035	2.570363	-1.732410
2014-01-01 00:00:20	-14.449141	6877828.36	-10.091965	C	4.640702	-10.586484	2.487344	-2.145514
2014-01-01 00:00:30	-14.463755	6877908.12	-9.847379	C	4.007030	-10.691359	2.099063	-2.718269
2014-01-01 00:00:40	-14.478412	6877986.90	-9.594042	C	3.373371	-10.776351	1.604786	-3.107301

… or using xarray

ds = data.as_xarray()
ds.where(ds["Spacecraft"] == "A", drop=True)

<xarray.Dataset>
Dimensions:               (Timestamp: 360, NEC: 3)
Coordinates:
  * Timestamp             (Timestamp) datetime64[ns] 2014-01-01 ... 2014-01-0...
  * NEC                   (NEC) <U1 'N' 'E' 'C'
Data variables:
    Spacecraft            (Timestamp) object 'A' 'A' 'A' 'A' ... 'A' 'A' 'A' 'A'
    Longitude             (Timestamp) float64 -14.12 -14.13 ... 153.6 153.6
    Radius                (Timestamp) float64 6.878e+06 6.878e+06 ... 6.868e+06
    F_res_CHAOS-Core      (Timestamp) float64 -7.148 -6.859 ... 3.956 3.959
    B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core  (Timestamp, NEC) float64 -10.26 1.778 ... 3.799 8.894
    Latitude              (Timestamp) float64 -1.229 -1.863 ... 48.14 48.77
Attributes:
    Sources:         ['SW_OPER_MAGA_LR_1B_20140101T000000_20140101T235959_070...
    MagneticModels:  ["CHAOS-Core = 'CHAOS-Core'(max_degree=20,min_degree=1)"]
    AppliedFilters:  []

xarray.Dataset

• Dimensions:
  • Timestamp: 360
  • NEC: 3
• Coordinates: (2)
  • Timestamp
    (Timestamp)
    datetime64[ns]
    2014-01-01 ... 2014-01-01T00:59:50

    description :

    Time stamp

    array(['2014-01-01T00:00:00.000000000', '2014-01-01T00:00:10.000000000',
           '2014-01-01T00:00:20.000000000', ..., '2014-01-01T00:59:30.000000000',
           '2014-01-01T00:59:40.000000000', '2014-01-01T00:59:50.000000000'],
          dtype='datetime64[ns]')

  • NEC
    (NEC)
    <U1
    'N' 'E' 'C'

    units :

    description :

    NEC frame - North, East, Centre (down)

    array(['N', 'E', 'C'], dtype='<U1')

• Data variables: (6)
  • Spacecraft
    (Timestamp)
    object
    'A' 'A' 'A' 'A' ... 'A' 'A' 'A' 'A'

    units :

    -

    description :

    Spacecraft identifier (values: 'A', 'B', 'C' or '-' if not available).

    array(['A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A',
           'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A'], dtype=object)

  • Longitude
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    -14.12 -14.13 ... 153.6 153.6

    units :

    deg

    description :

    Position in ITRF - Longitude

    array([-14.1166743, -14.1314243, -14.1461554, -14.1608609, -14.1755342,
           -14.1901685, -14.2047571, -14.2192932, -14.2337699, -14.2481804,
           -14.2625177, -14.2767748, -14.2909444, -14.3050195, -14.3189927,
           -14.3328566, -14.3466037, -14.3602264, -14.3737168, -14.3870671,
           -14.4002693, -14.4133151, -14.4261961, -14.4389038, -14.4514295,
           -14.4637642, -14.4758988, -14.4878238, -14.4995298, -14.5110068,
           -14.5222447, -14.5332332, -14.5439615, -14.5544187, -14.5645933,
           -14.5744739, -14.5840483, -14.5933041, -14.6022285, -14.6108083,
           -14.6190299, -14.6268789, -14.6343409, -14.6414006, -14.6480422,
           -14.6542495, -14.6600055, -14.6652927, -14.6700926, -14.6743864,
           -14.6781542, -14.6813754, -14.6840285, -14.6860912, -14.6875401,
           -14.6883507, -14.6884977, -14.6879543, -14.6866927, -14.6846837,
           -14.6818967, -14.6782997, -14.673859 , -14.6685394, -14.6623038,
           -14.6551131, -14.6469263, -14.6377003, -14.6273894, -14.6159457,
           -14.6033184, -14.589454 , -14.5742958, -14.557784 , -14.539855 ,
           -14.5204415, -14.4994721, -14.476871 , -14.4525575, -14.4264457,
           -14.3984442, -14.3684554, -14.3363752, -14.3020922, -14.2654873,
           -14.2264328, -14.1847917, -14.1404169, -14.0931501, -14.0428207,
           -13.989245 , -13.9322242, -13.8715433, -13.8069696, -13.73825  ,
           -13.6651097, -13.5872493, -13.5043418, -13.41603  , -13.3219222,
    ...
           154.3456616, 154.3325292, 154.3192466, 154.3058218, 154.2922629,
           154.2785777, 154.2647737, 154.2508587, 154.23684  , 154.222725 ,
           154.2085209, 154.1942349, 154.1798741, 154.1654455, 154.1509559,
           154.1364123, 154.1218215, 154.1071902, 154.0925253, 154.0778333,
           154.063121 , 154.048395 , 154.033662 , 154.0189287, 154.0042015,
           153.9894873, 153.9747926, 153.9601241, 153.9454886, 153.9308927,
           153.9163432, 153.901847 , 153.8874109, 153.8730419, 153.8587469,
           153.8445331, 153.8304075, 153.8163774, 153.8024502, 153.7886334,
           153.7749344, 153.761361 , 153.7479209, 153.7346221, 153.7214728,
           153.7084812, 153.6956557, 153.6830049, 153.6705376, 153.6582628,
           153.6461898, 153.634328 , 153.622687 , 153.6112768, 153.6001075,
           153.5891898, 153.5785343, 153.5681521, 153.5580546, 153.5482537,
           153.5387614, 153.5295904, 153.5207534, 153.5122638, 153.5041356,
           153.496383 , 153.4890208, 153.4820643, 153.4755295, 153.4694328,
           153.4637914, 153.4586231, 153.4539463, 153.4497804, 153.4461453,
           153.443062 , 153.4405521, 153.4386383, 153.4373443, 153.4366949,
           153.4367157, 153.4374339, 153.4388777, 153.4410767, 153.4440618,
           153.4478657, 153.4525224, 153.4580678, 153.4645395, 153.4719771,
           153.4804224, 153.4899192, 153.5005138, 153.5122551, 153.5251946,
           153.5393868, 153.5548894, 153.5717634, 153.5900733, 153.6098879])

  • Radius
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    6.878e+06 6.878e+06 ... 6.868e+06

    units :

    m

    description :

    Position in ITRF - Radius

    array([6878309.23, 6878381.18, 6878452.06, 6878521.88, 6878590.62,
           6878658.28, 6878724.85, 6878790.33, 6878854.71, 6878917.98,
           6878980.14, 6879041.19, 6879101.13, 6879159.94, 6879217.64,
           6879274.21, 6879329.65, 6879383.96, 6879437.15, 6879489.2 ,
           6879540.13, 6879589.92, 6879638.58, 6879686.12, 6879732.52,
           6879777.8 , 6879821.96, 6879864.99, 6879906.9 , 6879947.69,
           6879987.37, 6880025.93, 6880063.39, 6880099.75, 6880135.01,
           6880169.17, 6880202.25, 6880234.24, 6880265.16, 6880295.  ,
           6880323.78, 6880351.5 , 6880378.17, 6880403.8 , 6880428.39,
           6880451.95, 6880474.49, 6880496.01, 6880516.54, 6880536.07,
           6880554.61, 6880572.18, 6880588.78, 6880604.42, 6880619.12,
           6880632.88, 6880645.71, 6880657.63, 6880668.64, 6880678.76,
           6880687.99, 6880696.36, 6880703.86, 6880710.51, 6880716.33,
           6880721.32, 6880725.5 , 6880728.88, 6880731.47, 6880733.28,
           6880734.34, 6880734.64, 6880734.21, 6880733.05, 6880731.18,
           6880728.61, 6880725.36, 6880721.44, 6880716.86, 6880711.63,
           6880705.78, 6880699.3 , 6880692.23, 6880684.56, 6880676.31,
           6880667.5 , 6880658.14, 6880648.24, 6880637.81, 6880626.88,
           6880615.45, 6880603.54, 6880591.15, 6880578.3 , 6880565.02,
           6880551.29, 6880537.16, 6880522.61, 6880507.67, 6880492.36,
    ...
           6875648.21, 6875587.21, 6875525.54, 6875463.21, 6875400.22,
           6875336.57, 6875272.26, 6875207.3 , 6875141.68, 6875075.42,
           6875008.52, 6874940.98, 6874872.8 , 6874804.  , 6874734.58,
           6874664.55, 6874593.9 , 6874522.66, 6874450.83, 6874378.4 ,
           6874305.41, 6874231.84, 6874157.71, 6874083.03, 6874007.82,
           6873932.07, 6873855.8 , 6873779.02, 6873701.74, 6873623.97,
           6873545.73, 6873467.02, 6873387.86, 6873308.26, 6873228.24,
           6873147.8 , 6873066.96, 6872985.74, 6872904.15, 6872822.2 ,
           6872739.91, 6872657.3 , 6872574.37, 6872491.16, 6872407.66,
           6872323.9 , 6872239.9 , 6872155.67, 6872071.23, 6871986.6 ,
           6871901.79, 6871816.82, 6871731.71, 6871646.48, 6871561.14,
           6871475.72, 6871390.23, 6871304.7 , 6871219.15, 6871133.59,
           6871048.04, 6870962.54, 6870877.08, 6870791.71, 6870706.43,
           6870621.28, 6870536.27, 6870451.42, 6870366.75, 6870282.3 ,
           6870198.07, 6870114.09, 6870030.39, 6869946.98, 6869863.89,
           6869781.14, 6869698.75, 6869616.75, 6869535.15, 6869453.98,
           6869373.26, 6869293.01, 6869213.27, 6869134.03, 6869055.34,
           6868977.21, 6868899.67, 6868822.73, 6868746.41, 6868670.75,
           6868595.76, 6868521.47, 6868447.89, 6868375.05, 6868302.96,
           6868231.66, 6868161.16, 6868091.48, 6868022.65, 6867954.68])

  • F_res_CHAOS-Core
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    -7.148 -6.859 ... 3.956 3.959

    units :

    nT

    description :

    Magnetic field intensity residual, calculated as a difference of the measurement and value of the CHAOS-Core spherical harmonic model

    array([-7.14785297e+00, -6.85938060e+00, -6.59105422e+00, -6.34539021e+00,
           -6.05904186e+00, -5.74623423e+00, -5.41635729e+00, -5.09593724e+00,
           -4.70845993e+00, -4.55279798e+00, -4.28286795e+00, -4.01019208e+00,
           -3.72112743e+00, -3.43983999e+00, -3.15208306e+00, -2.84647757e+00,
           -2.53810322e+00, -2.21539553e+00, -1.89409946e+00, -1.57939912e+00,
           -1.28848199e+00, -9.99152839e-01, -7.27695471e-01, -4.56410387e-01,
           -2.17792150e-01,  7.80969081e-03,  2.26505310e-01,  4.37020577e-01,
            6.51186557e-01,  8.57777471e-01,  1.08344782e+00,  1.31860947e+00,
            1.55338474e+00,  1.79453336e+00,  2.04209492e+00,  2.28298553e+00,
            2.52982330e+00,  2.76684442e+00,  2.98626495e+00,  3.20719641e+00,
            3.41308422e+00,  3.61491101e+00,  3.80923100e+00,  4.00585754e+00,
            4.17280057e+00,  4.33769812e+00,  4.51292782e+00,  4.67570094e+00,
            4.83096502e+00,  4.98563827e+00,  5.14569804e+00,  5.31228869e+00,
            5.50842321e+00,  5.72026667e+00,  5.93344410e+00,  6.14170672e+00,
            6.34700438e+00,  6.53087398e+00,  6.68945219e+00,  6.83001579e+00,
            6.95526610e+00,  7.07731103e+00,  7.20151105e+00,  7.34797547e+00,
            7.51840048e+00,  7.70483835e+00,  7.92635300e+00,  8.16312567e+00,
            8.40875742e+00,  8.66425024e+00,  8.91074674e+00,  9.15760081e+00,
            9.38611309e+00,  9.59133231e+00,  9.78488314e+00,  9.94910105e+00,
            1.00989201e+01,  1.02360831e+01,  1.03878271e+01,  1.05211474e+01,
    ...
           -1.19428413e+01, -1.16331298e+01, -1.16376198e+01, -1.20097603e+01,
           -1.27492952e+01, -1.38470467e+01, -1.53621263e+01, -1.71955719e+01,
           -1.92360864e+01, -2.13266893e+01, -2.33106139e+01, -2.49613560e+01,
           -2.60138443e+01, -2.62346490e+01, -2.55223090e+01, -2.39085838e+01,
           -2.15563552e+01, -1.87546869e+01, -1.58067695e+01, -1.29962018e+01,
           -1.05220772e+01, -8.49189532e+00, -6.97485626e+00, -5.92646985e+00,
           -5.29000236e+00, -4.97103223e+00, -4.88339890e+00, -4.96583912e+00,
           -5.12787990e+00, -5.30309052e+00, -5.47054333e+00, -5.63449132e+00,
           -5.81501773e+00, -6.05166413e+00, -6.28907747e+00, -6.47745573e+00,
           -6.59847778e+00, -6.69319685e+00, -6.75439709e+00, -6.76363410e+00,
           -6.68530370e+00, -6.55153139e+00, -6.34756576e+00, -6.06794137e+00,
           -5.78609735e+00, -5.51480243e+00, -5.32361942e+00, -5.18855086e+00,
           -5.16233371e+00, -5.22196204e+00, -5.35181677e+00, -5.51788469e+00,
           -5.73626887e+00, -5.91248593e+00, -5.95726911e+00, -5.83595418e+00,
           -5.60818266e+00, -5.28701283e+00, -4.89357019e+00, -4.42704693e+00,
           -3.94643075e+00, -3.43571198e+00, -2.89593908e+00, -2.36689542e+00,
           -1.81057232e+00, -1.20912441e+00, -5.60807385e-01,  6.30763103e-02,
            6.45692622e-01,  1.13063440e+00,  1.53362426e+00,  1.83990039e+00,
            2.10830389e+00,  2.38004335e+00,  2.70965830e+00,  3.05663464e+00,
            3.42229248e+00,  3.76824948e+00,  3.95551215e+00,  3.95911536e+00])

  • B_NEC_res_CHAOS-Core
    (Timestamp, NEC)
    float64
    -10.26 1.778 -4.698 ... 3.799 8.894

    units :

    nT

    description :

    Magnetic field vector residual, NEC frame, calculated as a difference of the measurement and value of the CHAOS-Core spherical harmonic model

    array([[-10.25780347,   1.77777364,  -4.69782676],
           [-10.23708348,   2.66697457,  -5.20191458],
           [-10.2270312 ,   2.81603428,  -5.33323742],
           ...,
           [ -5.54629459,   4.26706788,   7.59139769],
           [ -7.69087101,   4.22672885,   8.84381712],
           [ -8.0173578 ,   3.79947289,   8.89351548]])

  • Latitude
    (Timestamp)
    float64
    -1.229 -1.863 ... 48.14 48.77

    units :

    deg

    description :

    Position in ITRF - Latitude

    array([ -1.2289378,  -1.8625209,  -2.4960899,  -3.1296444,  -3.7631844,
            -4.3967096,  -5.03022  ,  -5.6637153,  -6.2971954,  -6.9306601,
            -7.5641093,  -8.1975429,  -8.8309607,  -9.4643624, -10.097748 ,
           -10.7311174, -11.3644703, -11.9978066, -12.6311262, -13.2644288,
           -13.8977144, -14.5309828, -15.1642339, -15.7974674, -16.4306832,
           -17.0638811, -17.6970611, -18.3302228, -18.9633662, -19.5964911,
           -20.2295972, -20.8626845, -21.4957527, -22.1288017, -22.7618311,
           -23.394841 , -24.027831 , -24.6608009, -25.2937505, -25.9266797,
           -26.5595881, -27.1924756, -27.8253419, -28.4581867, -29.0910097,
           -29.7238108, -30.3565896, -30.9893458, -31.6220792, -32.2547893,
           -32.8874759, -33.5201386, -34.1527771, -34.7853909, -35.4179797,
           -36.0505431, -36.6830805, -37.3155916, -37.9480759, -38.5805328,
           -39.2129618, -39.8453623, -40.4777338, -41.1100755, -41.7423869,
           -42.3746672, -43.0069157, -43.6391316, -44.271314 , -44.903462 ,
           -45.5355747, -46.1676512, -46.7996902, -47.4316908, -48.0636516,
           -48.6955714, -49.3274489, -49.9592824, -50.5910706, -51.2228116,
           -51.8545038, -52.4861451, -53.1177335, -53.7492668, -54.3807426,
           -55.0121584, -55.6435114, -56.2747985, -56.9060167, -57.5371623,
           -58.1682317, -58.7992208, -59.4301252, -60.06094  , -60.69166  ,
           -61.3222795, -61.9527922, -62.5831914, -63.2134696, -63.8436184,
    ...
           -14.0397279, -13.4057211, -12.7716953, -12.1376508, -11.5035876,
           -10.8695063, -10.2354069,  -9.6012897,  -8.967155 ,  -8.333003 ,
            -7.6988341,  -7.0646483,  -6.4304461,  -5.7962276,  -5.161993 ,
            -4.5277427,  -3.8934769,  -3.2591959,  -2.6248998,  -1.990589 ,
            -1.3562637,  -0.7219241,  -0.0875706,   0.5467966,   1.1811773,
             1.8155712,   2.449978 ,   3.0843975,   3.7188294,   4.3532734,
             4.9877293,   5.6221967,   6.2566755,   6.8911653,   7.5256657,
             8.1601767,   8.7946978,   9.4292288,  10.0637693,  10.6983191,
            11.3328779,  11.9674454,  12.6020212,  13.2366051,  13.8711967,
            14.5057958,  15.1404019,  15.7750149,  16.4096342,  17.0442597,
            17.6788909,  18.3135275,  18.9481692,  19.5828155,  20.2174661,
            20.8521207,  21.4867788,  22.1214401,  22.7561042,  23.3907706,
            24.025439 ,  24.6601089,  25.2947799,  25.9294516,  26.5641235,
            27.1987952,  27.8334661,  28.4681359,  29.102804 ,  29.7374699,
            30.3721332,  31.0067932,  31.6414495,  32.2761015,  32.9107485,
            33.5453901,  34.1800256,  34.8146544,  35.4492757,  36.083889 ,
            36.7184936,  37.3530887,  37.9876736,  38.6222475,  39.2568096,
            39.891359 ,  40.525895 ,  41.1604165,  41.7949226,  42.4294124,
            43.0638848,  43.6983388,  44.3327731,  44.9671867,  45.6015782,
            46.2359464,  46.87029  ,  47.5046074,  48.1388971,  48.7731577])

• Indexes: (2)
  • Timestamp
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(DatetimeIndex(['2014-01-01 00:00:00', '2014-01-01 00:00:10',
                   '2014-01-01 00:00:20', '2014-01-01 00:00:30',
                   '2014-01-01 00:00:40', '2014-01-01 00:00:50',
                   '2014-01-01 00:01:00', '2014-01-01 00:01:10',
                   '2014-01-01 00:01:20', '2014-01-01 00:01:30',
                   ...
                   '2014-01-01 00:58:20', '2014-01-01 00:58:30',
                   '2014-01-01 00:58:40', '2014-01-01 00:58:50',
                   '2014-01-01 00:59:00', '2014-01-01 00:59:10',
                   '2014-01-01 00:59:20', '2014-01-01 00:59:30',
                   '2014-01-01 00:59:40', '2014-01-01 00:59:50'],
                  dtype='datetime64[ns]', name='Timestamp', length=360, freq=None))

  • NEC
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(Index(['N', 'E', 'C'], dtype='object', name='NEC'))

• Attributes: (3)

  Sources :

  ['SW_OPER_MAGA_LR_1B_20140101T000000_20140101T235959_0701_MDR_MAG_LR', 'SW_OPER_MAGC_LR_1B_20140101T000000_20140101T235959_0701_MDR_MAG_LR', 'SW_OPER_MCO_SHA_2X_19970101T000000_20260807T235959_0806']

  MagneticModels :

  ["CHAOS-Core = 'CHAOS-Core'(max_degree=20,min_degree=1)"]

  AppliedFilters :

  []